The Elizabethan era was the time period in England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, who also ruled Ireland and Wales, and therefore from 1558 to 1603. It was noted for seafarers, such as Francis Drake and Walter Raleigh, along with the flourishing of drama - with the most famous playwright of the era being William Shakespeare. It was also during the Elizabethan era that the English defeated the Spanish Armada. (PROSE: A History of Humankind)
The Tenth Doctor claimed to Martha Jones, who came from the year 2008, that it was not so different from her time. Indeed, Martha would learn that England in 1599 was "not exactly white", had a form of recycling, "water cooler moment[s]", global warming, and entertainment. (TV: The Shakespeare Code)
One of the locations that the Time Fracture led to was Elizabethan England. When Robert Dudley entered the Fracture for the second time after deparing Khan, he arrived here (WC: This is Sergeant Robert Dudley.) and was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I. (WC: Dudley here.) He was trapped there for a further five years, reporting back to the Black Site in hopes that it was still there and that someone would receive his transmissions. (WC: This is Sergeant Robert Dudley.) During Operation Time Fracture, Tia Kofi found herself in Elizabethan England, where she encountered a Cyberman. (WC: Tia Kofi Enters the Time Fracture!)
In 1562, the Tenth Doctor was tracking Zygons when a time fissure appeared and a past incarnation and a future incarnation fell through. He abandoned Elizabeth to save Gallifrey after marrying her, (TV: The Day of the Doctor) which left her enraged. In 1599, a younger Tenth Doctor and Martha Jones travelled to Elizabethan London and met William Shakespeare. The Doctor also saw Elizabeth herself before she ordered him killed, forcing them to escape. (TV: The Shakespeare Code)