London



London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England.

Origins
The name London came from the Latin name Londinium, the city having been founded by the Romans during their reign over the island. Barbara Wright's casual mention of coming from Londinium during a visit to first century Rome led to her and Ian Chesterton being abducted and sold into slavery, as the recently conquered Britons were not, at that time, Roman citizens. (DW: The Romans)

Early history
In 1666, the Great Fire of London swept through and destroyed a large part of the City of London, caused by the destruction of a Terileptil base. (DW: The Visitation).


 * The Doctor had also earlier implied involvement in this event. (DW: Pyramids of Mars'')

On 14th September 1752, the standard dating system in the British Empire shifted from the Julian to the Gregorian calender, as a result of which, it lost eleven days. Thereafter, the Eleven-Day Empire used a shadow version of London as their capital.

20th century
London was evacuated several times during the late 20th century, most notably during the activities of Operation Golden Age where it remained mostly unoccupied, aside from UNIT and scattered looters (DW: Invasion of the Dinosaurs); however little lasting damage to the city occurred during these evacuations.

21st century
By the early 21st century a surprisingly large number of London landmarks had secret bases of either human or alien origin located beneath them. The London Eye was integral to the plans of the Nestene Consciousness to invade in 2005 (DW: Rose). The Tower of London, was a UNIT command centre (DW: The Christmas Invasion).

Canary Wharf housed the Torchwood 1 tower, which the Institute had constructed in order to study a mysterious phenomena (actually an entrance into the Void) five hundred feet above the city. The Institute built a skyscraper in order to investigate it (DW: Army of Ghosts/Doomsday).

The Institute also maintained an installation at the Thames Barrier which was later taken over by the Empress of the Racnoss. (DW: The Runaway Bride)

On a smaller scale, a suburban home on Bannerman Road served as an informal base for the home's owner, Sarah Jane Smith for the investigation of alien activities on Earth. (SJA: Invasion of the Bane)

Later history
The city was largely abandoned during the 22nd century Dalek invasion. (DW: The Dalek Invasion of Earth, EDA: Alien Bodies)

By the 28th century, London was known as Central City and covered most of southern England. (DW: The Sensorites, The Daleks' Master Plan)


 * The name as well as the importance of some of the activities there, implied it had by then become the capital of Earth and by extension, the Sol system.

17th century

 * 1666: The Great Fire of London.

18th century

 * 1752: The foundation of the Eleven-Day Empire, which has its capital in a version of London.

19th century

 * The Jack the Ripper murders.
 * The Tong of the Black Scorpion and Li H'sen Chang carry out a series of abductions at the behest of Magnus Greel. (DW: The Talons of Weng-Chiang)

20th century

 * The Blitz. The Empty Child plague occurs during this time.
 * 1953: Londoners with televisions supplied by Mr Magpie are having their faces stolen by the Wire, which uses television transmissions to spread. It attempts to transmit itself to the whole country of England using the BBC's Alexandra Palace transmitter. (DW: ''The Idiot's Lantern)
 * 1963: The Shoreditch Incident.
 * 1966: WOTAN, located at the top of the Post Office Tower, attempts a takeover of Earth with mind control and its robots, the War Machines. (DW: The War Machines)
 * Yeti invasion. The city is evacuated. In the London Underground there are pitched battles between British soldiers and Yeti. (DW: The Web of Fear)
 * London is occupied by Cybermen. (DW: The Invasion) After the defeat of the Cybermen, some Cybermen still survive in the London sewers and carry out occasional cyber-conversions until 1985. (DW: Attack of the Cybermen, Dalek)
 * The Silurian virus spreads throughout the city. (DW: Doctor Who and the Silurians)
 * The city is evacuated as a result of Operation Golden Age. (DW: Invasion of the Dinosaurs)
 * 1976: Big Ben is destroyed by bombing. (NA: No Future)
 * 1983: An unknown arsonist (Ace) burns down Gabriel Chase, a mansion in Perivale. (DW: Ghost Light)
 * 1984: British troops battle a Dalek in the docklands. (DW: Resurrection of the Daleks)
 * circa 1989: A number of young people in Perivale disappear mysteriously. (DW: Survival)

21st century

 * 2005: The Shop Dummy Massacre. Nestenes activate Autons made to look shop window mannequins, who kill many bystanders before the Autons are de-activated. (DW: Rose, Love & Monsters)
 * 2006: A Slitheen craft side-swipes Big Ben, cutting it in half and then crashlands in the Thames. (DW: Aliens of London, Love & Monsters) The next day, 10 Downing Street is destroyed by a Human guided missile. (DW: World War Three)
 * Christmas, 2006: The Sycorax ship enters London airspace. The sonic boom causes glass to shatter for miles around. The ship leaves, but is destroyed by a Torchwood Institute energy weapon. That evening, the remains of the ship, in the form of ash, wafts down upon the city like snow. (DW: The Christmas Invasion, School Reunion, Love & Monsters)
 * 2007: The Battle of Canary Wharf. (DW: Army of Ghosts / Doomsday)
 * Christmas, 2007: The Empress of the Racnoss attempts takeover of Earth, with her base in the Thames barrier. She is eventually defeated, but the result is that the Thames is drained. (DW: The Runaway Bride)
 * The Judoon search for a Plasmavore in the Royal Hope Hospital and transport it to the Moon as seen in (DW: Smith and Jones) the Judoon find the Plasmavore and kill her for murdering an alien princess.
 * Professor Lazarus creates a machine which makes him younger, yet it also mutates him into a scorpion- like monster. (DW: The Lazarus Experiment).
 * Mr. Saxon becomes the prime minister. He then reveals he is evil and sends billions of Toclafane to kill everyone on the planet.

22nd century

 * Circa 2157: London is turned into a ghost city during the 22nd century Dalek invasion. (DW: The Dalek Invasion of Earth, EDA: Alien Bodies)
 * Circa 2167: With the Daleks now defeated, the city is re-built and re-populated. (EDA: Legacy of the Daleks)

28th century

 * By the 28th century London, and the whole lower half of England, was incorporated in a very large city called Central City. (DW: The Sensorites)

Television

 * Susan Foreman (attended school in Shoreditch; but was not actually from the city)
 * Barbara Wright
 * Ian Chesterton
 * Dodo Chaplet
 * Ben Jackson
 * Polly
 * Victoria Waterfield
 * Sergeant Benton
 * Liz Shaw
 * Jo Grant
 * Mike Yates
 * Sarah Jane Smith (South Croydon)
 * Harry Sullivan
 * Ace (Perivale)
 * Rose Tyler
 * Mickey Smith
 * Martha Jones

Novels

 * Samantha Jones

Audio adventures

 * Evelyn Smythe