Harry Houdini

Harry Houdini was a famous magician on Earth. He met the Doctor and taught him how to contract the muscles, which helped the Doctor escape from the Eight Legs on Metebelis III. (DW: Planet of the Spiders)

Whilst handcuffed, Donna questioned the Doctor as to whether he had ever met Houdini. (DW: Planet of the Ood)

In Area 51, when the Doctor, Cassie, and Jimmy were trapped on a 'table', the Doctor managed to break away from the hand cuffs, and turn off the Amnesia gas. This was a trick taught to him by Houdini. (DW: Dreamland)

The Eleventh Doctor, in 16th century Venice, entered an underground cellar, and met five female "Vampires". When he saw that they could be seen in the mirror, he compared it to a trick by Houdini. (DW: The Vampires of Venice)