Nancy Sims

Mrs. George Wilhauer, born Nancy Sims, survived a September 1877 attack on a wagon train near Red Clay Ridge by Pai'ngya and the Kiowa. At the time, she was seven years old. Her account of the event, later recorded in Pai'ngya Stands-in-the-Middle: Cunning Mesmerist or Holy Warrior?, was largely dismissed by historians because it described warriors rising from the ground as if by magic and a skulled devil emerging from Pai'ngya's rifle. (PROSE: )