Time Lord

The Time Lords (sometimes called the Lords of Time or, rarely, Chronarchs) were the oligarchic rulers of the planet Gallifrey, and thus also Gallifreyan.(TV: The Hand of Fear, The Deadly Assassin, PROSE: Interference - Book Two)

History

 * See Gallifreyan history

The Gallifreyans had one of the oldest and mightiest civilizations in the Universe. As the Time Lords, they would hold absolute power for some ten million years. (TV: The Ultimate Foe) Finally however, the Last Great Time War all but wiped out the race. (TV: The End of the World, The End of Time)

Life Cycle
The Gallifreyan life cycle seemed to include a phase similar to human childhood. Like human children, Gallifreyan children slept in cribs. (TV: A Good Man Goes to War) Children were entertained with nursery rhymes (TV: The Five Doctors, AUDIO: Zagreus) and stories such as Snow White and the Seven Keys to Doomsday. (TV: Night Terrors, PROSE: Snow White and the Seven Keys to Doomsday) There were specialised books for Gallifreyan children, including Every Gallifreyan Child's Pop-Up Book of Nasty Creatures From Other Dimensions. Gallifreyan children were sometimes called "Time Tots". (AUDIO: Shada, WC: Shada)

A Gallifreyan ninety years old might still be considered a "kid". (TV: The Stolen Earth) They could live for hundreds of years before regenerating. (TV: Tomb of the Cybermen)

The Time Lords had a rite called Soul Catching, which was done to dying Time Lords before they were assimilated into the Matrix. This allowed them to assimilate their memories before they died. (PROSE: The Devil Goblins from Neptune)

Time Lords, once they had reached old age, were allowed to leave Gallifrey and retire on another planet. This was very rarely done; Chronotis was the only person known to take up the offer. (PROSE: Shada)

Culture
Young Time Tots were known to keep Rovies as pets. (AUDIO: No Place Like Home) Stories of the Shakri were told to the young ones to keep them fearful of doing anything that might get their species eliminated. (TV: The Power of Three) They were also told fairy tales involving a mythical race known as the Toclafane. (TV: The Sound of Drums)

Time Lords appreciated music, as indicated by such artefacts as the Harp of Rassilon. (TV: The Five Doctors) They also appreciated art, although painting on Gallifrey was done by computer. (TV: City of Death)

Academy students sometimes played a dangerous game called "Eighth Man Bound". The multidimensional game of Perigosto, played with a ball and a specialised Perigosto stick, was also a favourite, as was a complicated board game called Sepulchasm. (PROSE: Lungbarrow)

During a darker, more barbarous time in the planet's past, Time Lords enjoyed watching time-displaced individuals fight to the death in a dedicated area called the Death Zone, but that practice had been entirely abandoned by the Doctor's day. (TV: The Five Doctors)

Education
One of the major institutions of the Time Lords was the Time Lord Academy. It was split up into Chapters, each of which was identified by its distinctive colours. The subjects at the academy ranged from the study of Cosmic Science (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Terror of the Autons) to Vintage Vehicles to Gallifreyan flutterwings (TV: The Pirate Planet).

Children began instruction at the Time Lord Academy, at the age of 8, in a special ceremony. The Gallifreyans would be forced to look into the Untempered Schism, which showed the entirety of the Time Vortex and the power that the Time Lords had. The Gallifreyans subjected to its terrifying effects would react differently: "Some would be inspired, some would run away, and some would go mad." (TV: The Sound of Drums) They would then spend "centuries" studying at the Academy. (COMIC: Mortal Beloved)

Time Lords took a variety of classes at the Time Lord Academy of which one was recreational mathematics, which included the study of Happy prime numbers. (TV: 42 (TV story))

Domain
The Time Lords ruled from the planet Gallifrey, where they would watch the workings of the universe. (TV: The Sound of Drums) Though they once had a mighty empire during the Dark Time, the empire collapsed after the fall of the Pythia. (PROSE: Cat's Cradle: Time's Crucible) They once helped the Minyans evolve faster, but found the results disastrous; this led to their non-interference policy. (TV: Underworld)

The Time Lords were said to have control over much of the structure of the universe. They had set up the Web of Time, (AUDIO: Neverland) they controlled and fixed paradoxes (TV: Father's Day) and they allowed travel between parallel universes. (TV: Rise of the Cybermen) After the near-extinction of the Time Lords during the Last Great Time War, these processes were in flux.

Government
The Time Lords were led by the High Council. The Council consisted of the Lord or Lady President, the Lord or Lady Chancellor, the Castellan and Lords Cardinal. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

The Inner Council consisted of the three most powerful members of the High Council. The Lord President was the most powerful member of the Council and had near absolute authority, and used a link to the Matrix, a vast computer network containing the knowledge and experiences of all past generations of Time Lords, to set Time Lord policy and remain alert to potential threats from lesser civilisations. (PROSE: The Infinity Doctors) The Lord or Lady Chancellor was next in power, and handled many of the government functions. The Castellan controlled the Chancellery Guard and therefore the safety of Gallifrey. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

The rest of the High Council was made up of the Lords Cardinal, which represented the various Gallifreyan Chapters. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

During the Last Great Time War, the Visionary was also a member of the council. She acted as a prophet, recording the future, but only with vague predictions written on paper. (TV: The End of Time)


 * The Visionary may be connected to the Pythia, the ancient prophetic leaders of the Gallifreyans.



Crime and punishment
The protection of the Time Lords was carried out by the Chancellery Guard. They protected the Capitol, investigated crimes and captured criminals. (TV: The Deadly Assassin) More secretive or questionable matters were handled by the Celestial Intervention Agency, which was created to be a covert arm of the High Council to safeguard the Time Lords' interests. (TV: Shada) Much of what they did went against the non-interference policy, leading them to use agents they could easily deny sending (like the Doctor) to protect their secrets.

Tens of thousands of years before the Doctor's time, criminals were trapped in Shada, with the intent being that they would be kept there until a suitable punishment could be decided. By the Doctor's time, this method had been phased out and replaced with disintegration. (PROSE: Shada) Morbius was executed this way, but managed to survive as just a brain. (TV: The Brain of Morbius)

There were two forms of illegal intervention, both punishable by vaporisation. A Class One was affecting the material properties of a planet, such as axial rotation. A Class Two was when a Time Lord claimed themselves to be a god on a planet. (AUDIO: False Gods)

The punishments used for crimes varied in severity.
 * For his breaking of the non-interference policy, the Second Doctor was forced to regenerate and was exiled to Earth with a non-functioning TARDIS. (TV: The War Games)
 * Commiting genocide would lead to the removal of any remaining regenerations a Time Lord had; artifical species were not considered alive, thus genocide was impossible. (TV: The Trial of a Time Lord)
 * For the various crimes the Master committed, his punishment would have been the reversal of his time stream, such that he had never existed. (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Terror of the Autons) A similar punishment was carried out on the War Lord for his interference in human history which led to the deaths of thousands; he (and several of his guards) were dematerialised out of existence. The War Lord world was then placed in a time loop. (TV: The War Games)

Science and Technology
The Time Lords were superlatively advanced in mathematics, biology, xenobiology, chemistry, physics and technology. Their weapons and defence technology, however, lagged behind some other races and species.

Transport
The most characteristic technology used by the Time Lords was their time travel technology of the TARDISes. The TARDIS was derived from the early Gallifreyan technology of the Time Scaphe. (PROSE: Cat's Cradle: Time's Crucible) The TARDISes were one of the few types of technology that was updated, from the obsolete Type 40 (from Mark I to Mark IV) (TV: The Ribos Operation), the more advanced Type 57 (TV: Warriors of the Deep) and the humanoid Type 102 (PROSE: Alien Bodies). As well, Battle TARDISes and War TARDISes also existed. (PROSE: The Taking of Planet 5, AUDIO: Neverland)

One of the newer technology developed within the Doctor's lifetime was the Time Rings. (PROSE: Legacy) These Time Rings were small device attached around the wrist, allowing a person to travel through time without being in a time machine. (TV: Genesis of the Daleks) They could also be made as small as finger rings that could be touched together to enable time travel. (PROSE: Happy Endings, AUDIO: The Grel Escape)

Apart from the TARDISes, the Time Lords had little interest in creating other forms of transport. As such, they relied on them instead of other methods of travel. (REF: Doctor Who: Starships and Spacestations)

Stellar Manipulation


The Time Lords had the capability to control and use the power of stars. The Tenth Doctor went so far as to claim that the Time Lords "invented" black holes. (TV: The Satan Pit)

Using the Hand of Omega, the Time Lords could speed up the development of stars. (TV: Remembrance of the Daleks) One such star had been turned into a black hole and was kept under the Panopticon as the Eye of Harmony to power the civilisation of the Time Lords. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

Weaponry and Defences
Despite being one of the most powerful species in the universe, the Time Lords had little in the way of defences and their offensive technology was lagging behind many other civilisations. This may be due in part to the transduction barrier, which covered the planet and which was almost completely impenetrable by outside forces or their general policy of non-interference. As such, when they were invaded by the Sontarans, they were unable to defend themselves with their regular stasers and the Fourth Doctor needed to use an ancient Time Lord weapon called the De-mat Gun. (TV: The Invasion of Time) Few Time Lords, even Chancellery Guards, had any real combat experience. (AUDIO: The Apocalypse Element) During the Last Great Time War the Capitol was protected by a set of Dual Turrets set around it, they were used to destroy attacking ships. (TV: The End of Time)


 * This lack of military knowledge may have been a factor in their inability to defeat the Daleks by force of arms during the Last Great Time War.



Miscellaneous Technology
Some other Time Lord technology includes the Matrix (TV: The Deadly Assassin), Validium (TV: Silver Nemesis), the Genesis Ark (TV: Doomsday) and the Chameleon Arch (TV: Human Nature).

The Lord President Rassilon had a metallic glove which was capable of destroying a person by shooting out electricity and it reverted the Master Race to its human form. (TV: The End of Time)


 * Presumably the glove was some kind of time accelerator/manipulator as it turned the councilwoman to dust and reverted The Master Race

The Time Lord developed a chemical that could turn vertebrate blood into acid, but the Doctor successfully campaigned it to be banned. (PROSE: The Age of Ambition)

Partial Time Lords
In the post-war era, four individuals were created who are at least partially Time Lord:
 * Jenny - the artificially created daughter of the Tenth Doctor. A "generated anomaly", she had two hearts but was not 100% Time Lady, and Martha Jones suspected she was unable to regenerate. She was shot, and was believed by the Doctor to be dead. However, soon after her death she came back to life with an energy release in a process which appeared similar to regeneration, but without the change of appearance. (TV: The Doctor's Daughter)
 * Meta-Crisis Doctor - a half-human, single-hearted, non-regenerating clone of the Doctor's tenth incarnation, created by a biolgical meta-crisis in which Donna Noble and the Doctor's DNA merged. After committing genocide against Davros's new Daleks, he was left on an alternate Earth where he began a life with Rose Tyler. (TV: Journey's End)
 * DoctorDonna - The same process that created the Meta-Crisis Doctor also made the Doctor's human companion Donna Noble into a half-Time Lord, though the extent of any physical changes is unknown. Donna's human brain was unable to process the Time Lord influence beyond a few hours, at which point the Doctor was forced to wipe her memory of her adventures with him; she returned to her original life in London. (TV: Journey's End) She later proved immune to the Master's use of the Immortality Gate to transform humans into "the Master Race". (TV: The End of Time)
 * River Song (Melody Pond) - the daughter of Amy Pond and Rory Williams. River was conceived onboard the Doctor's TARDIS while it was travelling through the Time Vortex and therefore possessed certain genetic characteristics of a Time Lady, which were brought to the fore by expermination by the Church. (TV: A Good Man Goes to War) This enabled Melody to regenerate at least twice, into Mels and River Song, before sacrificing her remaining regenerations to revive the Doctor. (TV: Day of the Moon, Let's Kill Hitler)