The Sea Devils (TV story)

The Sea Devils was the third story in the ninth season of Doctor Who. It marked the first appearance of the Sea Devils and the reappearance of the Master, now plotting to escape confinement from a maximum security prison.

Barry Letts and Terrance Dicks had decided they wanted a sea-based story and asked Malcolm Hulke to write it. Rather than merely bringing back the Silurians, Hulke invented an aquatic version called the Sea Silurians. Unlike their earlier counterparts, these "Sea Devils" were given clothing, designed by Maggie Fletcher.

To answer the insistence by fans that the Silurian era of 200 million years ago could not have spawned the Apes who featured in the earlier serial, Hulke introduced a line in which the Doctor says they should correctly be called Eocenes. However even that period, some 50 million years ago, was still somewhat in advance of the evolution of primates.

After appeared in all five stories of season 8, Letts decided to restrict him to a few appearances each year. This story joins him where The Dæmons left off, in prison. The dialogue implies the Doctor and he were once friends.

Letts had secured the involvement of the Royal Air Force for The Mind of Evil and decided to try to do the same with the Royal Navy. He found the Ministry of Defence eager to take part. Many of the extras that played the navy personnel were active duty sailors. Shortly after broadcast, the BBC was visited by officials from the MOD who believed a top-secret submarine had been used in the show. It was in fact a model, adapted to show the features they were secretly testing.

Expensive location filming left The Sea Devils with a budgeting problem. Director Michael Briant's solution was to not hire regular incidental music composer, Dudley Simpson, and have the score created by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop. Malcolm Clarke's electronic score was one of the serial's signatures. Its significance was attested to by its inclusion in 2013's Doctor Who at the Proms, where it was one of five pieces of incidental music performed as representative of the show's original run.

This story saw the only use of the catchphrase "reverse the polarity of the neutron flow" during the Pertwee era. The phrase became associated with the Third Doctor, so he used it again in The Five Doctors some eleven years later, although between seasons 7 and 11 Pertwee did use a shortened version of the phrase, "reverse the polarity", several times.

Like many of Hulke's stories, it included a moral dimension. The Sea Devils are caught between the Master, the Doctor and the humans. Ultimately, they are betrayed by all three; like their land-based cousins, it is the humans who hurt them the most.

Synopsis
The Doctor and Jo visit the Master in his high-security prison on an island off the south coast of England. The governor, Colonel Trenchard, says ships have been disappearing mysteriously at sea. The Doctor discovers that Trenchard and the Master are in league to contact the Sea Devils, a race of reptiles in hibernation in a base beneath the sea, who have been awoken by recent work on a nearby sea fort. The Master intends to use his new allies to help him conquer the world.

Episode one
The Doctor and Jo visit, now a captive on a small island prison after being captured by UNIT.

The Master is being held indefinitely and is the only prisoner. He is watched by CCTV and the island is patrolled by armed guards – trained to resist the Master's hypnotic powers – and even protected by minefields. He claims to have reformed – but refuses to reveal the location of his TARDIS. As they depart, the old-school, patriotic governor, Colonel Trenchard, tells them that some ships have been disappearing mysteriously. Shortly afterwards, he visits the Master, and it becomes clear that they are in league.

The Doctor cannot resist investigating, so they visit the nearby naval base, HMS Seaspite, run by the efficient Captain John Hart; despite the Doctor's eccentric behaviour - he claims to have known Nelson personally - an alliance forms. The Doctor states that that the linear scorch pattern was caused by a concentrated beam of heat from under the sea. Hart is in charge of the adaptation of the sea fort to a SONAR testing station. The Doctor and Jo make their way to the sea fort. He and Jo are soon attacked by a Silurian lookalike.

Episode two
It is not a Sea Devil, but a half-mad crew member ranting about them. The Doctor and Jo decided to calm him down. They find that the radio was ripped out. The Doctor decides to go get a transistor radio in order to turn it into a transmitter. On his way, he encounters a hostile Sea Devil, who fires at him. When it tries to break in, it is hurt and flees. Shortly afterwards, the Doctor finishes his transmitter, and they are rescued.

Captain Hart decides to find them after they apparently disappear. The Doctor and Jo attempt to get Hart to tell a higher authority. His assistant gets a call from someone ranting about Sea Devils. The Master comes to HMS Seaspite to steal some equipment. Colonel Trenchard follows, providing a distraction, but Jo sees the Master leaving.

The Doctor and Jo confront Trenchard, and he tries to dissuade them by showing that the Master is in his cell. The Master knocks out a guard and grabs his knife. Trenchard then gets the Doctor to go and see the Master, who attempts to kill him, first with gun and then with sword. The Doctor and the Master engage in a swordfight. The Master then throws a dagger at the back of the Doctor's head....

Episode three
The Master misses and the Doctor is unharmed. Trenchard decides to lock the Doctor in the prison and attempts to capture Jo. The evil Time Lord tells him that he intends to use the reptiles as an army to conquer the planet. It is revealed that the reason Trenchard is helping the Master because he believes they are fighting enemy agents. Meanwhile, Jo comes and frees the Doctor. He begins by using the machine to summon Sea Devils from the ocean. The Doctor and Jo are trapped between them, the Master, and the minefield!

Episode four
The Doctor is forced to employ his sonic screwdriver to repel the Sea Devils by exploding mines on the beach. While the Doctor and Jo navigate through a mine field, a Sea Devil attacks another submarine. The Doctor and Jo flee to HMS Seaspite, where Hart tells them another naval submarine has disappeared.

Meanwhile, the Master returns to his cell to begin work on a new device. He activates it and it calls the Sea Devils to him. They attack the prison, killing the guards and Trenchard. A battle for the prison rages. Trenchard, who believed he was aiding his country against enemy agents, is killed.

HMS Seaspite heads out to investigate a section of seabed. The Doctor goes down in a diving bell. When they offer to pull him up, he refuses; however, his communication system fails, and Captain Hart orders the crew to pull up the diving bell. When it reaches the ship, it is empty....

Episode five
The Sea Devils take the Doctor to their leader. The Doctor enters the Sea Devils' base and tries to encourage peaceful negotiation, recalling how he had failed to broker an agreement between mankind and the Silurians. The Master arrives to incite matters by trying to provoke war.

Walker arrives to "solve" the sinking ship problem by dropping depth charges. Meanwhile, the Doctor has gained the upper side of the argument--the Sea Devils agree to consider diplomatic relations. The depth charges disrupt the negotiations. The Master convinces the Sea Devils to take the Doctor away and kill him. He also convinces them to attack one of the naval bases.

In the confusion caused by the depth charges, the Doctor escapes, gets a Silurian gun from a fallen Sea Devil, and uses it to melt a door and rescue two of the submarine crew. They rescue the others still in the submarine. The leader of the submarine crew kills one of the Sea Devils with the gun that the Doctor picked up; it is implied that others were killed on the upper level of the sub. They try to leave, but the Sea Devils hold them back with a force field. They fire torpedoes to provide thrust and escape.

The Doctor confronts Walker about his depth charges, which have just made the Sea Devils angry. The Sea Devils rise and attack the HMS Seaspite. As the Doctor attempts to go down to negotiate again, a Sea Devil raises its gun at them....

Episode six
The Doctor fights the Sea Devil off with Venusian karate, but another captures him. The rest of the Sea Devils capture the rest of the people at the base. Jo, Captain Hart, and Mr. Walker are held in one of the offices at the base. The Master tells the Doctor that he needs help to complete his machine so he can revive the colonies all over the world.

Meanwhile, Jo and escapes through a ventilation shaft. Jo reaches the Doctor and he tells her that he will deal with the guards; he sends her back to retrieve Captain Hart and Mr. Walker. The Doctor makes the machine emit a shrill noise which puts the Sea Devils in agony. Captain Hart escapes with Jo, but Mr. Walker retreats into the office and shuts himself back in when faced with a Sea Devil, even though the creature is incapacitated by the noise from the machine. The Master shuts off the machine, and the Doctor apologises for the "mistake" that caused the noise. The Sea Devils, the Doctor, and the Master head back to the Sea Devil base.

The prisoners retake the base. A soldier arrives and the Doctor orders him to keep watch over the Master, but the Master hypnotises him and escapes. The Doctor chases after the Master, and they reach the base, where multiple Sea Devils capture them. Meanwhile, Walker orders a nuclear strike. The Doctor sabotages the machine, and the Time Lords are imprisoned. The Doctor reveals that he reversed the polarity of neutron flow, which will cause a massive explosion. The Time Lords escape by using the Doctor's sonic screwdriver to get out of their cell; they find diving suits and exit the base. They rise to the surface and are rescued just before the base explodes, and the Sea Devils are destroyed.

The rescuers call an ambulance for the Master, who seems to be very ill; however, when the ambulance arrives, they realise that the man is not really the master, but someone else wearing a disguise--the Master has hypnotised him and forced him to impersonate the Master. They realise that the Master is escaping in a hovercraft.

Cast

 * Dr. Who - Jon Pertwee
 * Jo Grant - Katy Manning
 * - Roger Delgado
 * John Hart - Edwin Richfield
 * George Trenchard - Clive Morton
 * Robbins - Royston Tickner
 * Radio Operator - Neil Seiler
 * Clark - Declan Mulholland
 * Hickman - Hugh Futcher
 * 3rd Officer Jane Blythe - June Murphy
 * Ldg. Telegraphist Bowman - Alec Wallis
 * Castle Guard Wilson - Brian Justice
 * Castle Guard Barclay - Terry Walsh
 * Sea Devil - Pat Gorman
 * C.P.O. Smedley - Eric Mason
 * Commander Ridgeway - Donald Sumpter
 * Lt. Commander Mitchell - David Griffin
 * Ldg. Seaman Lovell - Christopher Wray
 * Castle Guard Drew - Stanley McGeagh
 * C.P.O. Summers - Colin Bell
 * Lt. Commander Watts - Brian Vaughan
 * A/B Girton - Rex Rowland
 * Walker - Martin Boddey
 * Rear Admiral - Norman Atkyns
 * Chief Sea Devil - Peter Forbes-Robertson
 * C.P.O. Myers - John Caesar

Crew

 * Assistant Floor Manager - John Bradburn
 * Costumes - Maggie Fletcher
 * Designer - Tony Snoaden
 * Fight Arranger - Derek Ware and HAVOC
 * Film Cameraman - Peter Sargent
 * Film Editor - Martyn Day
 * Incidental Music - Malcolm Clarke
 * Make-Up - Sylvia James
 * Producer - Barry Letts
 * Production Assistant - Colin Dudley
 * Script Editor - Terrance Dicks
 * Special Sounds - Brian Hodgson
 * Studio Lighting - Mike Jefferies
 * Studio Sound - Tony Millier, Colin Dixon
 * Theme Arrangement - Delia Derbyshire
 * Title Music - Ron Grainer
 * Visual Effects - Peter Day

Foods and beverages

 * The Doctor consumes several sandwiches at the naval base, and whilst visiting the Master.
 * Hickman is seen drinking Old Oak Light Ale.
 * Walker continually asks Officer Blythe to bring him food and tea.

Species

 * The Sea Devils are "aquatic cousins" to the Silurians.

The Doctor

 * The Doctor is a trained diver and accomplished golfer.

The Doctor's items

 * The Doctor uses his sonic screwdriver to detect mines and cause them to explode.

Vehicles

 * Jo can operate a hovercraft.
 * The merchant ship SS Pevensey Castle is attacked by the Sea Devils.
 * The Royal Navy drove Land Rover vehicles.
 * The prison guards drove Citroen vehicles with the doors and roof panels removed.

Story notes

 * This story had the working title The Sea Silurians.
 * One consequence of the late change in the title is that the monsters are never called Sea Devils in the on-screen dialogue (except when a delirious fort survivor is rambling about "sea devils" in episode two), but they are named as such in both the opening and the closing credits on each episode.
 * This is one of two stories where the Third Doctor utters the full line, "I reversed the polarity of the neutron flow" (in episode six). The other is in TV: The Five Doctors.
 * The scene involving the Master watching The Clangers on television was a last-minute addition, added because episode one was running ninety seconds short.
 * The Doctor remarks that he was a personal friend of Horatio Nelson.
 * This serial's director, Michael Briant, provided the voice of the radio DJ in episode two.
 * Originally, episode one was to include the Doctor water-skiing, which was to be used as the excuse for Jo and him being late to the Master's prison. Increasingly inclement weather made the shoot impossible.
 * The Radio Times programme listing for the 90-minute compilation repeat of the story on Wednesday 27 December 1972, billed as Dr Who and the Sea Devils, was accompanied by a black and white illustration by Frank Bellamy depicting a Sea Devil, the Master and the Doctor, along with a comic strip-style caption "THE WHOLE PLACE WILL GO UP IN APPROXIMATELY TEN MINUTES / ENJOY YOUR REVENGE!", with the accompanying caption "Time-warp time — the Doc takes on the Master and the Sea Devils: 3.5". The compilation also received an unscheduled showing at 11:15 a.m. on Monday 27 May 1974 as a replacement for the rained-off Yorkshire -v- Lancashire cricket match.
 * Along with Mission to the Unknown, Doctor Who and the Silurians, The Mind of Evil, The Dæmons, The Sontaran Experiment, Genesis of the Daleks, and Midnight, this is one of only eight televised stories in the history of Doctor Who not to feature the TARDIS (The Ambassadors of Death, Inferno and Day of the Daleks feature the central console, but not the TARDIS itself).
 * Reproductions of actual script pages, accompanied by extensive production notes about this serial, are featured in the book The Making of Doctor Who by Malcolm Hulke and Terrance Dicks (Piccolo, 1972).

Ratings

 * Episode one - 6.4 million viewers
 * Episode two - 9.7 million viewers
 * Episode three - 8.3 million viewers
 * Episode four - 7.8 million viewers
 * Episode five - 8.3 million viewers
 * Episode six - 8.5 million viewers

Myths

 * Roger Delgado was afraid of the water, as he couldn't swim, and it took great courage for him to film the scene in which the Master and the Doctor are rescued from the sea by the Navy. (This was frequently recalled by Jon Pertwee in later interviews; but according to Delgado's widow, Kismet, it is untrue: Delgado was actually worried about getting his costume wet, as there was no spare available. Nonetheless, Delgado's fear of water is also recalled during the DVD commentary of The Sea Devils by Barry Letts and Terrance Dicks. And Delgado looks very uncomfortable during his scenes in the water. Also, when Pertwee is filmed in close-up in the powerboat chase across the sea, it is very obvious that the boat he is chasing is being driven not by Delgado but by the stuntman, holding his head down and his arm up to obscure his face.)

Filming locations

 * The exterior of the Master's prison was in fact Norris Castle, East Cowes, Isle of Wight. The Sea Fort was an actual sea defence fort built in the 1860s in the river Solent, off the South Hampshire coast, in anticipation of a feared French invasion which never came to pass. Abandoned at the time of the story's filming, it has since been a hotel resort. In July of 2007 the fort came up for sale after the company owning the hotel collapsed and its owner was jailed.
 * Fraser Gunnery Range, HMS St George, Portsmouth
 * Royal Navy ship HMS Reclaim
 * No Man's Land Sea Fort, Solent
 * Whitecliff Bay, Isle of Wight
 * Bembridge Harbour, Isle of Wight
 * Norris Castle, East Cowes, Isle of Wight
 * Red Cliff, Sandown, Isle of Wight
 * Bembridge Sailing Club, Bembridge, Isle of Wight
 * Priory Bay, Isle of Wight
 * BBC Television Centre (Studio 8), Shepherd's Bush, London
 * The set for Trenchard's office is the same one heavily used for the Doctor's laboratory in the previous season.

Production errors

 * The clock in the Master's prison cell runs backwards.
 * The Master knocks out a prison guard who enters his cell in episode two. The guard then subsequently disappears, never to be seen again.
 * When the Doctor and Jo are going though the minefield, a microphone can be seen.
 * In episode six, at the naval base, when the Doctor switches on the mains power to the device he and the Master have built, the Sea Devils are incapacitated. The director cuts away to Jo Grant and Captain Hart, and a long sequence of them escaping from the naval base, seizing the hovercraft, and heading out to sea. Several minutes pass before the director cuts back to the Doctor. But a Sea Devil has been standing in front of him throughout, and cuts the power to the device in about 5 seconds, even though the device has just been shown operating for minutes at a time.
 * When the powerboat chase across the sea is filmed in close-up in episode six, it is very obvious that the boat Pertwee is chasing is being driven not by Delgado but by a stuntman, holding his head down and his arm up to obscure his face, but who by his hair and build has no resemblance to Delgado.

Continuity

 * The Master was captured in TV: The Dæmons.
 * The Silurians first appeared in TV: Doctor Who and the Silurians.
 * The Fifth Doctor later encounters the Sea Devils and the Silurians together. (TV: Warriors of the Deep)
 * The Eleventh Doctor would encounter another variation of Silurians as well. (TV: The Hungry Earth)
 * Sea Devils and Silurians appear in PROSE: Blood Heat.
 * The Master watches The Clangers in a fashion similar to his later watching Teletubbies. (TV: The Sound of Drums)
 * The Doctor attempts to attribute the misnomer "Silurian" to their discoverer (Dr Quinn in TV: Doctor Who and the Silurians).
 * would later mention their encounter with the Sea Devils to the Tenth Doctor. (TV: Last of the Time Lords)
 * The Doctor and the Master would later engage in another sword fight on 4 March 1215. (TV: The King's Demons)
 * The Master's escape from custody caused a great scandal in the prison service. (PROSE: Who Killed Kennedy)

Home video and audio releases
Editing for both the VHS and DVD releases was completed by the Doctor Who Restoration Team.

VHS Releases
This was released on video in episodic format.

DVD releases
This story was released on DVD as part of the Beneath the Surface collection along with Doctor Who and the Silurians and Warriors of the Deep.

Audio releases
A soundtrack CD of the programme was released in January 2008. It was also included in the Monsters on Earth box set along with Doctor Who and the Silurians and Warriors of the Deep.