Iceland

Iceland was a nation in western Europe.

Geography
Iceland had volcanic hot springs. (DW: "The Snows of Terror")

History
According to Jack Harkness, the Icelandic race were of alien origin, possibily from the vicinity of Pyrovillia. They crashed on Earth while investigating the volcanoes of Iceland. (TWA: The Sin Eaters)

In 1984, Major Whitaker of UNIT and Dr Iskander explored an Icelandic volcano to investigate an unnatural increase in volcanic and seismic activity; they found the source to be the Dominator Haag and his Quarks, who had set up base there. (DWM: The Fires Down Below)

Near the year 2010, Icelandic banks became unsound, leaving depositors and investors in financial difficulties. Lady Christina de Souza told the Tenth Doctor that the reason she became a thief was that her father had lost his money in this financial debacle. (DW: Planet of the Dead)

In the 2060s, a large population of Icelandic immigrants lived in Cardiff, leading to Icelandic slang terms being used by the inhabitants. (BBCR: Asylum)

In the early 22nd century, the President of the Union of Solar Republics was based in the Icelandic city Reykjavik. (NA: Transit)

Circa the 51st century, Iceland was either known as or part of the Icelandic Alliance. It lost a war to the Supreme Alliance and was occupied until the Filipino Army liberated Reykjavik. (DW: The Talons of Weng-Chiang)

Some time prior to 200,100, the Icelandic city of Polar Ventura hosted Murder Spree 20. (DW: Bad Wolf)