Glass avatar

The glass avatars, or glass people, were a creation of the Testimony Foundation in 500000012 on New Earth to preserve the memories of humans about to die within a glass-like avatar. These avatars then were brought to the Testimony Foundation to recount their lives' testimony for the people of New Earth to learn from the past. With the memories added to the Testimony Foundation, the abducted humans were returned to their point of death without memory of their abduction in order to preserve the timeline.

History
The glass avatars were created, under the Testimony Foundation, by Helen Clay in 500000012 on New Earth. When Captain Lethbridge-Stewart's testimony was added, a timeline error caused by the refusal of both First Doctor and Thirteenth Doctor to die caused the Captain to be returned to the wrong decade. Attempting to correct this error, the glass avatars abducted the Doctors and the Captain by taking the Twelfth Doctor's TARDIS to their own ship. Here, the Doctors found the Glass Woman who served as the interface for the ship and the avatar of Bill Potts.

Upon finding out about the Testimony Foundation and its purpose, the Thirteenth Doctor returned Captain Lethbridge-Stewart to nearly the time of his death. When the Thirteenth Doctor and Bill bid each other farewell, Bill allowed the Doctor to regain his memories of Clara Oswald in order to show that Bill's memories within the glass avatars were the same thing as the Bill the Doctor knew. The glass avatar of Nardole joined the two, and they all embraced before the glass avatars of Bill and Nardole were teleported away. (TV: Twice Upon a Time)

Appearance
The avatars have transparent, humanoid bodies that can take the shape of a human whose memories are stored within their system. Forms taken by the glass avatars include Helen Clay, Bill Potts, and Nardole.

Behind the scenes
Helen Clay is credited as the Glass woman, even though she is played as a human