Laud

Archbishop  was a contemporary of Charles I.

He was beautificating churches in England, causing a protest from puritans. The king failed to prevent his beheading at the behest of the Parliament. (PROSE: The Roundheads)

Behind the scenes
Although the first name and the title of Archbishop of Canterbury are not explicitly mentioned in the story, the provided historical details leave no doubt that it is William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is meant.