Brazil

Brazil was a nation in South America. (AUDIO: Minuet in Hell) It contained a vast rainforest. (TV: Black Orchid) One of Brazil's major cities was Rio de Janeiro. (TV: The Hungry Earth) In Latin, its name was Brasilia. (PROSE: Warlords of Utopia)

Brasília was the capital of Brazil. (AUDIO: The Thirteenth Stone)

Cessair of Diplos adopted the identity of a Brazilian lady called Senhora Câmara. (TV: The Stones of Blood)

A type of nut grew in the area and the Portuguese language was spoken there. Indigenous people included Latoni's tribe (TV: Black Orchid) and the Nambikwara of Mato Grosso. (TV: Death of the Doctor) Many of these tribes were displaced following the destruction of the Amazon rainforest in 2060. (AUDIO: Loups-Garoux)

Early history
In 1682, the TARDIS materialised in a Tupi village. The Ninth Doctor, Rose, Jack and Tara went on to explore, and met Francisco Pedroso Dias, a bandeirante. (COMIC: Slaver's Song)

Enola Tucker, interested in her uncle's work, went with him to Brazil. (PROSE: The Glamour Chase)

20th century
Lady Madge Cranleigh said her son, the botanist George Cranleigh, died in the Brazilian rainforests in 1923 during an expedition. (TV: Black Orchid)

In the 1962 World Cup quarterfinals, the Brazilian football team defeated England in Chile. (PROSE: The Rag & Bone Man's Story)

In 1967, the coffee served in The Revolution came from Brazil. Jean-Pierre Rex claimed that the workers who grew the coffee were oppressed and exploited. (PROSE: Revolution Man)

In 1970, fleeing from his native universe of Germania I after the defeat of the Greater German Reich, August Hitler spent 19 years hiding out in Brazil in the Amazon. Marcus Americanius Scriptor tracked down his hideout and killed him in 1989. (PROSE: Warlords of Utopia)

In 1983, Jo Jones spent six months in Mato Grosso with the Nambikwara. (PROSE: Death of the Doctor)

21st century
In 2010, people from Brazil were evacuated from Earth. (TV: The Empty Planet)

The trees protected the Earth in Curuçá. (TV: In the Forest of the Night)

In 2017, people from Brazil were possessed by the white energy. (COMIC: The Lost Dimension)

Circa 2060, the Amazon's ecosystem collapsed and the rainforest turned into a desert. (AUDIO: Loups-Garoux)

In 2080, the Fifth Doctor and Turlough visited Rio de Janeiro for the Rio Carnival and encountered werewolves. (AUDIO: Loups-Garoux)

Later history
In December 2672, the Eighth Doctor visited Avelar, Brazil. (PROSE: Companion)

The Fourth Doctor obtained a particulate vacuum clear in Brazil during the 39th century. (AUDIO: The Fate of Krelos)

A snake from Brazil was one of the animals on board the Ark in circa 10000000. (TV: The Ark)

Other references
Rose Tyler hypothesised that, if she were to arrive in Brazil by TARDIS, she might need her passport. She later admitted that this was a ruse to get Mickey Smith to visit her. (TV: Boom Town)

Behind the scenes

 * In Black Orchid, there is some confusion about geography with the Orinoco seemingly being located in Brazil. The novelisation indicates that George and Latoni were in Venezuela.
 * Brazil was the location of the dinosaur inhabited Maple White Land from Arthur Conan Doyle's The Lost World. All-Consuming Fire featured Lord John Roxton and mentioned Professor Challenger, two of the men who explored the plateau. It was also the location of the Black Lagoon in Creature from the Black Lagoon. Alan Moore described the two locales as a few miles apart in The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen and posited a connection.
 * In Frontier in Space, records of the Palácio do Planalto (the official workplace of the President of Brazil) was used as the workplace of the President of Earth.
 * According to Doctor Who: Monsters and Villains, a non-narrative source, in the Fifth Calendar Year of 111222/9967, to alleviate the Earth's terrible debts, Brazil and its five million occupants were sold to the Deathsmiths of Goth and experimented on in bizarre and terrible ways.