Chronotis

Salyavin was a Time Lord sentenced to be held on Shada, the prison planet of his people. He escaped and lived on Earth as Professor Chronotis.

As Salyavin
Salyavin lived over ten thousand years before the Doctor's time. He had great mental powers, and was able to move his mind into another's. Though he had no malicious intent, the High Council was suspicious of him and his powers. Though he continued to move up the ranks, he simply wanted a quiet life of reading. The Council decided to trick him, sending him to Shada as a official and planning to trap him inside forever.

Salyavin instead took control of his guardians, allowing him to escape. He then used his powers to make Salyavin into a myth and changed his identity to Chronotis. He also removed the knowledge of Shada from their minds, as well stealing the book The Worshipful and Ancient Law of Gallifrey. (PROSE: Shada)

As Chronotis
Chronotis lived a quiet life, acting as a librarian for nearly 12,000 years. Eventually, for his years of service, the Time Lords allowed him to retire to another planet. He decided to move to St Cedd's College in Cambridge around the 17th century and lived in his TARDIS, disguised as his living quarters at the College. (PROSE: Shada) The Doctor knew him as a friend, though he did not know of the connection between Salyavin and Chronotis. (HOMEVID: Shada) The Doctor visited him several times over the decades, from his first incarnation onwards. (PROSE: Cambridge Previsited)

In 1889, the Tenth Doctor mentioned Professor Chronotis to Jonathan Smith. (COMIC: The Time Machination)

When Salyavin began approaching his thirteenth incarnation, and thus the end of his cycle of regenerations, he sent a message to the Fourth Doctor to come and see him so he could return The Worshipful and Ancient Law of Gallifrey, which he had stolen. (HOMEVID: Shada, WC: Shada)

At the same time, Skagra was looking for a way into Shada and access to Salyavin. Combining a mind stealing sphere and Salyavin's ability to implant his mind, Skagra planned to merge minds with everyone in the universe. (PROSE: Shada) Salyavin died when Skagra's sphere attacked him, searching for information about The Worshipful and Ancient Law of Gallifrey. Skagra didn't realise that Chrontis was Salyavin. Due to a serendipitous mistake made by Clare Keightley with Salyavin's TARDIS, he was brought back into existence. (WC: Shada) Skagra eventually made it to Shada, where he found out that Salyavin wasn't there. Unfortunately, Chris Parsons worked out who Salyavin was while he was in the room, allowing Skagra to take over his mind. After the Doctor defeated Skagra, Salyvin returned to Cambridge to live as Professor Chronotis. (PROSE: Shada)

Behind the scenes

 * It is suggested in various readings that Salyavin also appears in the Eighth Doctor Adventures novel Unnatural History as Professor Daniel Joyce, a professor at Berkeley. In the novel, the Eighth Doctor seeks his assistance while in San Francisco. This was later denied by author Jonathan Blum.
 * Douglas Adams would reuse the character of Professor Urban Chronotis in his novel Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency without elements copyright by the BBC.