Earth

Earth is the Doctor's favorite planet, located in the Sol system in Mutter's Spiral. Most of the Doctor's companions have been natives of this planet.

Location
Third planet in the Sol system, 1 AU from the Sun, approximately 27,700 light-years from the center of Mutter's Spiral. (Shifted two light years from this position and renamed Ravolox by the Time Lords circa 2,000,000 CE.)

Name(s)
There are hundreds of other names for the planet in hundreds of languages, including:


 * Earth - The name derives from Old English word eorthe.
 * Terra - (Latin: terra mater - Mother Earth)
 * Tellus - In Roman mythology, the goddess of the Earth was Tellus - the fertile soil.
 * Sol III - third planet in the Sol System.
 * Ravolox - Name after the planet's relocation by the Time Lords.
 * Mondas - An ancient name for Earth which is also the name of the Cybermen's original home world, Earth's long-lost sister planet. ("The Tenth Planet")
 * New Mondas - Name the Cybermen planned to confer on Earth after colonizing it and cyberizing its inhabitants. ("Silver Nemesis")
 * Anthykhon- Name by which the Chaarl knew Earth during their occupation of the planet in the distant future ("Birthright").

It is not known by what name the Silurians and Sea Devils, or the saurian race which preceded them, called this planet.

Moon(s)
Earth has one single moon, usually referred to simply as the Moon, a rogue planet which entered the Sol system and was captured in Earth's gravitational field millions of years ago ("Doctor Who and the Silurians").

Sentient native species

 * Haemovores


 * Humans


 * Sea Devils


 * Silurians

Historical
Earth formed billions of years of ago, around the same time as the first conflict between the Hoothi and the Time Lords ("Love and War"). About 3 billion years ago, the consciousness of the Sou(ou)shi settled on Earth and became dormant, reawakening in the year 1968 CE ("Venusian Lullaby," "Nightshade"). Life developed fairly late in the planet's history, 400 million years ago, the process triggered by the anti-matter explosion of the last Jagaroth battle cruiser as it entered warp drive prematurely during take-off from the planet surface ("City of Death").

Various species of saurian dominated the planet until circa 65 million BCE, when a freighter from the 26th century CE time-warped to this period and exploded in the upper atmosphere ("Earthshock"). A few survived, evolving into the races later known as Silurians and Sea Devils. Another saurian race, of unknown name, predated these reptilian races by about 100,000 years ("All-Consuming Fire"). The Reign of the Reptiles came to a final end when the rogue planet which later became the Moon entered Earth's orbit, creating climatic changes which forced the reptile races into underground hibernation. Apes regarded by the reptiles as pests eventually evolved into the species known as human, given a substantial jolt forward when the Fendhal Core arrived on Earth circa 12 million BCE ("Image of the Fendhal").

Human civilization evolved quickly, assisted by the Daemons, the various temporal fragments of Scaroth, and the predatory nature imparted to humans by the Fendhal. This predatory and aggressive nature was evident in the many conflicts which humans fought amongst themselves throughout much of their early history, such as during the seige of Troy, the Dark Ages, or the American War for Independence ("The Mark of the Rani"). It was also exploited by the War Lords, who kidnapped human soldiers from various conflicts in Earth history for use in their war games ("The War Games").

Earth had been visited by aliens many times throughout its history, but the launching of space probes by humans beginnning in the late 20th century made such visits more frequent, as homo sapiens began drawing attention to themselves. These visits also tended to be more openly hostile, and Earth was saved from conquest or outright annihilation often only through the intercession of the Doctor. Such invasions also led to the formation of UNIT, whose functions in time culminated in the first conquest by Earth of an alien world, Mars, in 2086 ("Transit").

Earth developed methods of FTL travel in the late 21rst century and began colonizing nearby star systems soon after. The Dalek invasion in the late 22nd century proved devastating to Earth, with New York and many other cities destroyed and entire regions of Africa and South America depopulated. The expulsion of the Dalek force from Earth and the victorious Battle of Cassius saw the planet reborn. Humans reclaimed their old colonies and in time an Earth Empire emerged which dominated most of Mutter's Spiral for over 500 years. This empire at times came into conflict with other space powers, particularly the Draconians, and often employed oppressive and disenfranchising policies on numerous alien races, most notably on Delta Magna and Solos. Unrest among these races and instabilities in the Empire's political and economic structure eventually led to the dissolution of the Empire, which in time gave way to the Federation, headquartered on Io ("Legacy"). In time the Federation came under the control of Mavic Chen and his descendants, who eventually transformed the once democratic organization into a new version of the old Earth Empire ("The Crystal Bucephalus").

Earth in its later history was abandoned numerous times by its human inhabitants, first when solar flares bombarded the planet, leaving Earth uninhabited for 10,000 years ("The Ark in Space"). Although surviving humans who had slept aboard the Nerva beacon recolonized the planet, ''it was later occupied by the Chaarl, who renamed the world Anthykhon. Humans, referred to as "Hairies," managed to adapt to the depleted atmosphere and soil caused by the Chaarls' industrial activities. The Chaarl occupation lasted some 3497 years'' ("Birthright"). Some time after, Earth was visited by the Usurians, who relocated the dying human population first to Mars and then Pluto. Generations later, humans had thrown off the yoke of Usurian exploitation, and returned to Earth ("The Sunmakers").

About 2,000,000 CE, Earth was relocated two light-years from its proper position in the galaxy by the Time Lords to prevent the escape by aliens from Andromeda who had stolen information from the Matrix on Gallifrey. Most of the human race remaining on Earth were wiped out, and those that survived degenerated to a primitive, tribal culture. The planet came to be known as Ravolox, with Earth being completely forgotten ("The Mysterious Planet"). The inhabitants of Ravolox eventually came to know of the true nature and history of their planet, and to rebuild their civilization. In time they rediscovered space travel, and were able to escape the final destruction of Earth, when the planet was consumed by its own Sun. The date for this event is variously given as either 10,000,000 CE or 5,000,000,000 CE ("The Ark," "Frontios," "The End Of The World"). By then, humanity had spread throughout and beyond the Local Group.

People

 * List of human characters


 * List of historical figures met by the Doctor

Television Stories
The Pilot Episode; An Unearthly Child; Marco Polo; The Aztecs;  The Reign of Terror; Planet of Giants; The Dalek Invasion of Earth; The Romans; The Crusade; The Chase (select scenes); The Time Meddler; The Myth Makers; The Daleks' Master Plan (select scenes); The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Eve; The Gunfighters;  The War Machines; The Smugglers;  The Tenth Planet; The Highlanders; The Underwater Menace; The Faceless Ones; The Evil of the Daleks (select scenes); The Abominable Snowmen; The Ice Warriors; The Enemy of the World; The Web of Fear; Fury from the Deep; The Invasion; The Seeds of Death (select scenes); Spearhead from Space; Doctor Who and the Silurians; The Ambassadors of Death; Inferno; Terror of the Autons; The Mind of Evil; The Claws of Axos; Colony in Space (opening and closing scenes); The Daemons; Day of the Daleks; The Sea Devils; The Mutants (opening scene); The Time Monster; The Three Doctors (select scenes); Frontier in Space (select scenes); The Green Death; The Time Warrior; Invasion of the Dinosaurs; Planet of the Spiders (select scenes);  Robot; The Sontaran Experiment; Terror of the Zygons; Pyramids of Mars; The Android Invasion (closing scenes); The Seeds of Doom; The Masque of Mandragora; The Hand of Fear (most scenes); The Talons of Weng-Chiang; Horror of Fang Rock; Image of the Fendhal; The Stones of Blood; City of Death;  Shada (most scenes);  The Leisure Hive (opening scene);  Logopolis (select scenes);  Castrovalva (opening scene); The Visitation;  Black Orchid; Earthshock(select scenes); Time-Flight;  Arc of Infinity(select scenes); Mawdryn Undead(select scenes); The King's Demons; The Five Doctors (select opening scenes); Warriors of the Deep; The Awakening; Resurrection of the Daleks (select scenes); Planet of Fire (select scenes); Attack of the Cybermen (select scenes); The Mark of the Rani; The Two Doctors (select scenes); Timelash (select scenes); The Mysterious Planet; Delta and the Bannermen(most scenes); Remembrance of the Daleks;  Silver Nemesis; Battlefield; Ghost Light; The Curse of Fenric; Survival (most scenes); Doctor Who: The TV Movie;  Rose

Novels and Short Stories
The Longest Story in the World; Time and Relative; Ash; The Last Days; The Witch Hunters; Nothing at the End of the Lane; Mire and Clay; The Book of Shadows; The Nine-Day Queen; The True and Indisputable Facts in the Case of the Ram’s Skull; A Long Night; Byzantium!; Romans Cutaway; The Eleventh Tiger; The Plotters; The Empire of Glass; The Little Drummer Boy; Salvation; 64 Carlysle Street; Bunker Soldiers; The Man in the Velvet Mask; The Splintered Gate; Distance; Curriculum Vitae