Vortex manipulator

A vortex manipulator was a form of basic time travel used by the Time Agency of the 51st century. The Tenth Doctor took a dismal view of it, claiming that it was a "space hopper" compared to his "sports car," his TARDIS. (TV: Utopia)

Usage
Time Agents were each given a vortex manipulator. Vortex manipulators used and issued by the Time Agency were housed in leather wrist-straps with a covering flap, enabling the device to be worn conveniently by the Time Agent without drawing attention to the device itself. (TV: The Empty Child)

According to the Eleventh Doctor, vortex manipulators could cause an addiction. In particular, he used to be "40-a-day" in his youth. (COMIC: Space in Dimension Relative and Time)

Jack Harkness
To escape from the Lect, Jack used his manipulator to travel from Fluren's World into the Doctor's TARDIS, bypassing its security systems. (COMIC: Weapons of Past Destruction)

After Rose Tyler as the Bad Wolf resurrected Jack Harkness following his extermination by the Daleks, (TV: The Parting of the Ways) Jack used his manipulator to travel from the Game Station in 200,100. He attempted to reach 21st century Earth, but missed and ended up in 1869. The manipulator burned out after this trip. However, Jack was still able to use at least some of the other functions besides time travelling and teleporting. (TV: Utopia)

Years later, as Jack, the Tenth Doctor and Martha Jones were being attacked by Futurekind on Malcassairo in the year 100,000,000,000,000, the Doctor repaired the vortex manipulator with his sonic screwdriver, transporting them to Earth in 2008. The group used it to teleport to the Valiant, from which Martha subsequently escaped, also by use of the manipulator. (TV: The Sound of Drums) Martha considered the vortex manipulator in her Top Five Worst Ways To Travel because it made her sinuses and organs ache and caused her throat to become bloody. (PROSE: The Story of Martha) later also used it to teleport from the Valiant to Earth, where he threatened to destroy the planet. The Doctor was able to use the manipulator to teleport them both back to the Valiant. Once the Master was defeated and Jack made his way back to the Torchwood Hub, the Doctor deactivated the manipulator, saying that he couldn't leave Jack with a time-travelling teleport. "You could go anywhere in time, twice; second time to apologise", according to the Doctor. (TV: Last of the Time Lords)

When the Daleks relocated Earth to the Medusa Cascade and invaded it, Jack used information from the UNIT Project Indigo (based on Sontaran teleport pod technology) to reactivate the teleport function on his vortex manipulator (he still couldn't time travel). He then teleported to find the Doctor, arriving just after the Doctor was shot by a Dalek, which Jack then killed. (TV: The Stolen Earth) After the Daleks were defeated, the Doctor deactivated the manipulator again, sternly saying "I told you - no teleport". (TV: Journey's End)

Eventually, Jack bequeathed his vortex manipulator to UNIT after one of his deaths. It was held in their Black Archive under the tightest secrecy, with UNIT keeping it hidden from not only its allies (particularly the Americans) but the Doctor himself. After the Zygon infiltration of UNIT was exposed, Clara Oswald took the manipulator and, using the activation code left by the Eleventh Doctor, used it to reunite with him in Elizabethan England. (TV: The Day of the Doctor)

River Song
River was often known to travel by vortex manipulator early in her time stream. She acquired at least two of the devices over her adventures.

River acquired a vortex manipulator from an unknown source early into her time in the Stormcage Containment Facility. She wore it while investigating the Silence spacesuit and battling the Silence, but never used it. River removed it again before the Doctor returned her to her cell in Stormcage. (TV: Day of the Moon) She later used it to meet up with the Doctor, Amy and Rory at Demons Run. The Doctor afterwards charged River with returning Amy and Rory home, which she presumably did, using the device. (TV: A Good Man Goes to War)

When three Rivers ended up in the Doctor's TARDIS, the second one was travelling using a vortex manipulator and the Doctor sent her away before she or any of the other Rivers could see each other by activating her vortex manipulator and causing her to teleport away. (TV: Last Night)

River presumably lost this vortex manipulator at some point as she began seeking a new means of time travel after getting the painting The Pandorica Opens. After hearing that she was in search of time travel, the salesman Dorium Maldovar met with River Song in the Maldovarium bar to offer her a vortex manipulator that was, according to him, "fresh off the wrist of a handsome Time Agent" (which wasn't quite true as, after examining the box, Dorium said "I said off the wrist," implying it had the hand with it). She used it to teleport to Planet One at some point in the past and then to 102 AD on Earth. (TV: The Pandorica Opens)

After the destruction of the TARDIS, the Eleventh Doctor used River's manipulator to teleport to Easter, 1996, and then back to 102 AD to affect the rescue of both his earlier self and of Amy Pond. Discovering the TARDIS to be caught in a time loop at the moment of its destruction, the Doctor was able to use the manipulator to transport himself into the TARDIS to rescue River. The Doctor later time-travelled back 12 minutes to fake his death after being seriously wounded by the Stone Dalek, buying himself time to get to the Pandorica. The vortex manipulator was then used to transport the Pandorica into the heart of the explosion of the TARDIS, thus 'rebooting' the Universe. After being brought back by Amy, the Doctor gave the vortex manipulator back to River Song. (TV: The Big Bang)

After the crash of the Byzantium, River used her vortex manipulator to visit her parents on Earth and inform them that the Doctor was not actually dead. (TV: The Wedding of River Song)

River travelled back to New York City in 1938 with her vortex manipulator. Despite the TARDIS being unable to travel to that time due to time distortions, the manipulator was able to make the trip. River later used it to send a signal to the Doctor to act as "landing lights." (TV: The Angels Take Manhattan)

River customised her Vortex Manipulator to have a weather app and a subspace galactic communicator. She used the Manipulator to contact the Galactic Heritage. (AUDIO: The Sonomancer)

River presumably stopped using vortex manipulators for time travel at some point following her adventure in 1938. When the Twelfth Doctor encountered River who was trying to steal the Halassi Androvar, she had switched to stealing the Doctor's TARDIS and then returning it before he could notice. (TV: The Husbands of River Song)

Other instances
Captain John Hart used a manipulator to reunite with Jack and then take him to 27 AD. Gray used his manipulator to take control of the Weevils in Cardiff. (TV: Exit Wounds)

Although it was generally used by the Agency, the Family of Blood stole one to follow the Tenth Doctor around the universe. (TV: Human Nature/The Family of Blood) Adam Mitchell stole another one in order to kidnap several companions of the Doctor and plot against his first eleven incarnations. (COMIC: The Choice)

Missy possessed a vortex manipulator which she used to time travel. She used it to steal items in multiple time periods. (PROSE: Dr. Twelfth) She showed a similar disgust to using it to that of the Doctor and used it to transport herself and Clara Oswald to Essex in 1138 to find the Twelfth Doctor. (TV: The Magician's Apprentice) She had also modified the vortex manipulator to use incoming weapons fire to recharge its teleport function. Missy first used this function to escape the Brigadier shooting her, and later to save herself and Clara after being shot by Daleks. However, absorbing the energy from Dalek gunsticks destroyed the manipulator in the process. (TV: The Witch's Familiar)

Harrison Crane stole a vortex manipulator from a Time Agent during his arrest in the Lunar Penal Colony. The vortex manipulator was damaged in Crane's escape and took him to London in the 19th century. He attempted to use Strax's Sontaran technology to repair the device, but the technologies were incompatible and resulted in Crane's death. (PROSE: The Case of the Dissolving Man)

Abilities
The main function of a vortex manipulator was to transport the user through time and space via the Time Vortex. (TV: The Empty Child, et al) The device was fuelled by Chronoplasm. (AUDIO: The Stuff of Nightmares)

Vortex manipulators were temporal anomalies and, hence, were not affected by local time distortions. In particular, when the Time Vortex leech caused the time inside the TARDIS to jump backwards at regular intervals, the only object that the Eleventh Doctor could retain from jump to jump was a vortex manipulator. (COMIC: Space in Dimension Relative and Time)

The exact range of a vortex manipulator was uncertain. One model did allow Jack Harkness to travel nearly 200,000 years (although in this instance, said manipulator burned out after doing so). (TV: Utopia) Following the Doctor's repairs and adjustments using his sonic screwdriver, the manipulator was able to travel 100 trillion years. It could transport multiple people if necessary, so long as they had some sort of physical contact with it (or the person wearing it). (TV: The Sound of Drums) Missy used vortex manipulators to transport herself and Clara through time. She stated that Clara's was slaved to her own and indeed Clara's didn't seem to have a control panel. (TV: The Magician's Apprentice)

Manipulators could be seen as an extremely precise form of time travel when properly used. Both River Song and former Time Agent John Hart were able to reach their intended destinations quite regularly using vortex manipulators. When the universe was a fraction of its former size, a vortex manipulator was able to facilitate multiple precise jumps with no apparent difficulty and extreme precision - although, admittedly, the distances and time differences involved were a great deal smaller. (TV: The Big Bang)

The vortex manipulator protected its user from the journey through the Vortex, and was able to transport two people without difficulty or discomfort for those travelling. However, transporting three people appeared to result in discomfort for the users, possibly slightly overloading the manipulator's capabilities. (TV: The Sound of Drums)

In addition to transportation, vortex manipulators had several other functions. These included:


 * Communication between users, including storage of messages, and listening to radio broadcasts. (TV: Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang, The Sound of Drums)
 * Projection of holograms. (TV: The Empty Child, Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang, Fragments)
 * Tracking of life signs. This feature was specific enough to recognise a two-hearted person. (TV: Bad Wolf, Journey's End)
 * Remote control of electronic devices. (TV: Everything Changes, Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang, Exit Wounds)
 * Muting Torchwood Three's comm system. (TV: Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang)
 * As a "front door key" to the Torchwood Three Hub. (TV: Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang)
 * However, this seems to only apply to Jack's vortex manipulator.
 * Playing music. (TV: Exit Wounds)
 * Sending a signal to enrage Weevils and to bring them back to the Cardiff sewers. (TV: Exit Wounds)
 * Detection of low sodium levels. (TV: Rendition)
 * Scanning and alteration of printed texts. (TV: Immortal Sins)
 * Unlocking combination-locked vaults. (TV: Immortal Sins)
 * Scanning a body for life, specifically Angelo Calasanto. (TV: End of the Road)
 * Acting as a beacon. (TV: The Angels Take Manhattan)
 * Remote teleportation (TV: The Witch's Familiar)
 * Cancelling the Blinovitch Limitation Effect, allowing Jack to interact with his past self. (AUDIO: Month 25)

Despite Jack's claim to Gwen Cooper that the wrist-strap was DNA coded to him, but could be reset, the fact that the Doctor, the Master and Martha were all able to use the teleporter function, as well as its detection of low sodium levels in Rex Matheson, who was simply holding the device, shows that Jack was lying in an attempt to escape. Text transmitted directly to Gwen at this time also confirmed 'Jack lies...'

Vortex manipulators were constructed from an unidentified, but extremely durable metal. One was easily able to survive the detonation of a bomb which obliterated the human wearing it, albeit at the cost of the leather wrist-strap housing the vortex manipulator itself. The vortex manipulator was later recovered and installed in a new, identical wrist strap for (TV: Children of Earth: Day Five) Another vortex manipulator also survived the explosion caused by Big Bang Two by being 're-booted' from its original form. However, its wearer (the Eleventh Doctor) was being erased temporarily from time, which would leave the device unharmed when he returned. (TV: The Big Bang)

The Tenth Doctor considered the vortex manipulator as very primitive compared to a TARDIS, describing his TARDIS as a "sports car" to Jack Harkness' "space hopper". (TV: Utopia) His eleventh incarnation described it as "cheap and nasty time travel, very bad for you", and stated that he was "trying to give it up". (TV: The Big Bang) River Song described it as "less bulky" and considered it like a "motorbike through traffic." (TV: The Angels Take Manhattan) Missy similarly displayed a dislike for vortex manipulators though she relied on them for time travel. (TV: The Magician's Apprentice)

Travel through time with a vortex manipulator was not as safe as in a capsule, for instance in a TARDIS, even taking into account the manipulator's protection systems. (TV: Blink)

Vortex manipulators were able to travel to places with time distortions where a TARDIS could not easily do so. For example, River Song travelled to 1938 New York City when the TARDIS couldn't until it had "landing lights". Unlike a TARDIS, going to such an area with a vortex manipulator would not risk the total destruction of the area. (TV: The Angels Take Manhattan)

Evidently, the interface for activating the device (or, at least, Jack Harkness' version of it) was very simple and easy to understand, as Clara Oswald was able to successfully enter coordinates into it without any training only moments after seeing it for the first time. (TV: The Day of the Doctor)

was able to modify her vortex manipulator to be recharged by absorbing energy blasts fired at her. She modified this off a trick the Doctor once used and was able to use this trick (TV: The Witch's Familiar) to escape the Brigadier (TV: Death in Heaven) and the Daleks. When Clara was fired upon as well, her vortex manipulator, which was slaved to Missy's, similarly teleported her to safety. (TV: The Witch's Familiar)

Known owners
Captain Jack Harkness (TV: The Empty Child) owned one. The Eleventh Doctor and Clara Oswald took it from the Black Archive after Jack bequeathed it to UNIT. (TV: The Day of the Doctor)

The Family of Blood stole one. (TV: The Family of Blood)

Dorium Maldovar had acquired one off the wrist of a handsome Time Agent. (TV: The Pandorica Opens) River Song purchased it from him. (TV: The Pandorica Opens, The Angels Take Manhattan, GAME: The Eternity Clock) However, she also had one before meeting the Eleventh Doctor and Amy at the Pandorica. (TV: Day of the Moon, A Good Man Goes to War, HOMEVID: Last Night)

Neal Shaw had one, (COMIC: The Choice) which was stolen by Adam Mitchell. (COMIC: The Choice)

Abslom Daak also acquired one off the wrist of a Time Agent) (COMIC: The Then and the Now)

Harrison Crane stole one from a Time Agent. (PROSE: The Case of the Dissolving Man)

Other owners included Missy, (TV: The Magician's Apprentice, PROSE: Dr. Twelfth) Clara Oswald, (TV: The Magician's Apprentice) Cara, (AUDIO: The Stuff of Nightmares) The Eleventh Doctor, (COMIC: Space in Dimension Relative and Time, PROSE: A Gamble with Time) Mairwyn, (COMIC: Shrouded) Captain John Hart, (TV: Kiss Kiss, Bang Bang) and Gray. (TV: Exit Wounds)

Behind the scenes
Jack's vortex manipulator was used much in the same way as the Doctor's sonic screwdriver in the context of Torchwood, being capable of doing just about whatever the writers wanted it to. Its only known limitation, within the context of Torchwood episodes, was being unable to time travel or teleport, both functions having been deactivated by the Tenth Doctor.