Vatican City

Vatican City, or simply the Vatican, was the capital of the Catholic Church. In 2009, the "Holy See of Vatican City" was among the nations which agreed to let John Frobisher speak on their behalf to the 456. (TV: Children of Earth: Day Three)

In an alternate timeline caused by the time field, the Pandorica, which was guarded by the Lone Centurion, was donated to the Vatican in 1231. (TV: The Big Bang)

There was a floating Vatican City in Europa in the 33rd century. (PROSE: Managra)

Shadow World
In the Shadow World, a virtual reality designed by the Monks to be a perfect copy of the Doctor's universe, simulacra of the Twelfth Doctor, Bill Potts and Nardole were invited to the Vatican by the Pope to read the Veritas. (TV: Extremis)