Self-sacrifice

Self-sacrifice was the giving up of one's own life to benefit others. In this way it differed from suicide.

The Eighth Doctor believed that his life was the only one he had the right to sacrifice. Though he would not sacrifice his fellow passengers on the rocket from Deimos to ensure the survival of a greater number in peril on Mars, he was willing to put his own life on the line. (AUDIO: The Resurrection of Mars)

Daleks believed that self-sacrifice was impossible because it was not logical. (TV: Destiny of the Daleks) Despite this, Daleks often sacrificed themselves for the cause of conquest. (COMIC: The Amaryll Challenge, The Menace of the Monstrons, PROSE: Mission to Galacton)

In the early days of Skaro, the humanoid Dalek Lodian sacrificed himself by by blowing up his ship in order to kill Zet before he could tell the new Daleks the location of Earth. (COMIC: Legacy of Yesteryear)

In 1870, Kahler-Jex sacrificed himself in order to prevent Kahler-Tek from killing any more people or races who would get caught in the crossfire of Tek's hunt for Jex if Jex were to escape to another world. (TV: A Town Called Mercy)

In 1879, Sir Robert MacLeish sacrificed himself to hold off a Lupine Wavelength Haemovariform in order to buy the Tenth Doctor the time he needed to activate the light chamber to kill the werewolf and save Queen Victoria. (TV: Tooth and Claw)

Some time around 1981, Shardovan sacrificed himself by destroying the Hadron web imprisoning Adric, thus causing Castrovalva to be destroyed as Adric's Block Transfer Computation could no longer sustain it. (TV: Castrovalva)

In 2007, Ursula Blake, Colin Skinner, Bridget Sinclair and Bliss, having access to the Abzorbaloff's thoughts after being absorbed by him, strained against his flesh, causing him to drop his cane. On Ursula's instruction, Elton Pope broke the cane, causing the Abzorbaloff to himself be absorbed by the Earth, dissolving along with his victims. Soon after, however, Ursula was partially restored by the Tenth Doctor's sonic screwdriver. (TV: Love & Monsters)

In the 2000s, during the Sontaran invasion of Earth, the Tenth Doctor threatened to ignite an atmospheric converter aboard the Sontaran flagship. However, his place was taken via teleport by Luke Rattigan, who ignited the device himself, destroying the ship with himself onboard. (TV: The Poison Sky)

During the 21st century Dalek invasion, Harriet Jones purposefully opened the Sub-Wave Network to maximum in order to lead the Doctor to Earth. Fully aware that this would make her visible to the Daleks, Harriet faced them as they invaded her home, accepting her death by their hand. (TV: The Stolen Earth) Soon after, Rose Tyler informed the Doctor of Harriet's fate. Recalling "the Earth woman who fell opening the Sub-Wave Network", Davros rhetorically asked the Doctor "how many have died in your name?" (TV: Journey's End)

A Donna Noble from a parallel world sacrificed herself by walking in front of a lorry to create a traffic jam that would force her past self to reconsider the decision that would led to the death of the Tenth Doctor in the parallel world. (TV: Turn Left)

The Tenth Doctor took Wilfred Mott's place in a glass booth where he received a fatal dose of radiation which ultimately resulted in his regeneration into the Eleventh Doctor. (TV: The End of Time) In an alternate timeline, however, he decided against self-sacrifice and so left Wilf to die. (COMIC: Four Doctors)

In 2010, Fanson intervened in an attempt by the Skith General to kill Majenta Pryce, resulting in his death when he took several ice shards to the chest. (COMIC: The Age of Ice)

In 2020, Rory Williams took a blast from a sonic disc fired at the Eleventh Doctor by Restac. (TV: Cold Blood)

In 2050, K9 Mark I, after ensuring that Alistair Gryffen, Jorjie Turner and Starkey left the area, initiated self-destruct to stop four Jixen warriors within Gryffen Manor. Soon after, his regeneration unit regenerated him into the form of K9 Mark 2. (TV: Regeneration) As Starkey would later recall, "he gave his life... his previous life to save us." (TV: The Bounty Hunter)

In 2059, Adelaide Brooke sacrificed herself to restore the timeline after the Tenth Doctor altered it to save the crew of Bowie Base One. (TV: The Waters of Mars)

On Midnight, a Crusader 50 hostess sacrificed herself to save her passengers from the Midnight entity by throwing herself and the entity's host out the shuttle bus doors onto the surface of Midnight, exposing them both to the extreme X-tonic radiation outside. (TV: Midnight)

In an undated timeline, Vilma sacrificed herself by running towards a pack of Dregs and making loud noises, luring the Dregs away from her fellow Tranquility Spa guests. (TV: Orphan 55)

In the 42nd century, Kath McDonnell sacrificed herself by jumping out of the airlock of the SS Pentallian, dragging her possessed husband with her, in order to save the ship's crew from the revenge-seeking, sentient Torajii star. (TV: 42)

In the 51st century, the Tenth Doctor was prepared to hook himself up to the computer of the Library in order to free the people within, which have killed him beyond regeneration. However, his place was taken by River Song, who knew the Doctor in his future. Thanks to a neural relay provided by the future Doctor, River lived on within the Data Core. (TV: Forest of the Dead)

In 6012, Jenny took an apparently fatal gunshot wound intended for the Tenth Doctor by General Cobb. (TV: The Doctor's Daughter)

In 16087, Lazar knowingly launched a cargo ship from the Nerva Beacon without deploying the stabilisers, causing it to explode and kill him along with the Wirrn swarm that had been terrorising Nerva. (TV: The Ark in Space)

In 200,100, the Controller of the Game Station attempted to give the Ninth Doctor coordinates to the Dalek Fleet, knowing that the Daleks would be able to hear her without the protection of the solar flare. As a result, she was transmated to the Dalek Flagship, where she was exterminated. (TV: Bad Wolf) Later, after Rose Tyler absorbed vortex energy from the heart of the TARDIS, the Doctor in turn absorbed the energy from her via a kiss in order to save her life. As a result, he regenerated into the Tenth Doctor. (TV: The Parting of the Ways)

In 200,101, Jack Harkness interacted with live cables in order to land Trear Station safely to Earth. Awaking, as yet unaware that he was now immortal, Jack reasoned that the universe liked him. (AUDIO: The Year After I Died)

In 5,000,000,000, Jabe sacrificed her life by holding down the switch that allowed the Doctor to pass through the air conditioning fans and reactivate the Platform One's shields, protecting it from Earth Death. She burnt to death under the immense heat that came through. (TV: The End of the World)

In 5,000,000,053, the Face of Boe sacrificed his life to help the Tenth Doctor to release those trapped in the Motorway beneath New New York. (TV: Gridlock)

In the "very far future", Ko Sharmus sacrificed his life to destroy the CyberMasters. Although one of them managed to shoot him, Sharmus used his dying breath to activate the death particle, destroying them along with any other life on the planet. (TV: The Timeless Children)