An Unearthly Child (TV story)

An Unearthly Child was the first televised story of Doctor Who. It premiered on Saturday, 23 November, 1963 and first introduced viewers to the Doctor, played by William Hartnell, and his fantastic machine, the TARDIS.

Synopsis
Curious about an unusual student Susan Foreman, two school teachers follow her home to a junkyard. This leads to an encounter with the mysterious Doctor and a his police box which turns out to be a craft capable of travel in time and space.

Afraid that the teachers will reveal his secrets the Doctor whisks them back in time. They arrive in 100,000 BC and encounter a group of cave people desperately trying to create fire. Kidnapped and imprisoned in a cave filled with skulls the unwilling travellers have to work together to create fire and escape their captors.

An Unearthly Child (1)
Schoolteachers Ian Chesterton and Barbara Wright become concerned about one of their pupils, Susan Foreman. She seems to have a very alien outlook on 1963 England and though her knowledge of some issues is very advanced, she has other curious gaps in her basic understanding or extends concepts beyond their normal parameters. Following her home, Ian and Barbara discover that she appears to live in a junkyard with her grandfather. In fact, Susan and her grandfather, the Doctor, are aliens, who travel through time and space in the TARDIS, a time machine disguised as a police box that is much larger on the inside than it is on the outside. When Ian and Barbara stumble into the TARDIS, the Doctor, who appears to be a wanderer and a fugitive, decides that it is too dangerous to remain in 1963 London and so dematerialises the TARDIS with himself, Susan and the two schoolteachers on board.

The Cave of Skulls (2)
The four travel back to the Stone Age as very uneasy companions, Ian and Barbara blaming the Doctor for having kidnapped them from contemporary society. They also have difficulty believing they have actually travelled in time, but the remoteness of their situation and the vileness of the civilisation they encounter convinces them that they have indeed been taken far back into the past. The Doctor is concerned too because the exterior of the TARDIS does not seem to have changed when the ship rematerialised – Susan explains that the ship is supposed to change its appearance to blend in with its surrounding, but for some reason it has remained in the shape of a police box.

They soon become involved in the power struggles of a stone age tribe (known in an early working title of the serial as the Tribe of Gum), where leader Za is being mocked for not being able to produce fire], which his father, the previous leader, was able to do. [[Kal, an interloper from another tribe, only heightens the tension when he offers himself as an alternative leader who could make fire. His evidence is the Doctor, whom he saw trying to light his pipe, but the old man has dropped his matches and is unable to help. As a punishment the four time travellers are incarcerated in the hideous Cave of Skulls, containing remnants of executed people and sacrifices, and promised a similar fate for refusing to co-operate. They are freed by Old Mother, the naïve widow of the last tribal leader, who believes that they could make fire but does not want them to do so, as she considers it a bad omen. The four travellers then flee into a paleolithic forest pursued by Za and his partner [[Hur].

The Forest of Fear (3)
When Za and Hur catch up with them the tribal leader is attacked by a wild beast and seriously injured. The Doctor is so desperate to leave that he contemplates killing the caveman, but is stopped by Ian. They build a makeshift stretcher to help convey Za back to the tribal settlement, hoping by doing so to prove their good intentions. However, in their absence Kal has killed Old Mother and blamed it on Za. Kal assumes leadership of the tribe and leads a party of tribe members after the strangers, capturing them just as they reach the TARDIS.

The Firemaker (4)
The four travellers are returned to the encampment, but the Doctor is able to convince the tribe that Kal killed Old Mother and leads them in an attack which drives Kal into the forest. The recovered Za is once more declared leader, but instead of expressing his gratitude by freeing the travelers as the Doctor expected, he orders them returned to the Cave of Skulls, this time with Old Mother’s body for company. Ian is eventually able to make fire for Za using friction for a spark, hoping that this gift will convince the cavedwellers to set them all free. As Za watches intently, and the travellers try to explain to him how "in our tribe, the firemaker is the least important person," they are attacked by Kal, who has killed Za's guard and slipped into the cave, seeking revenge. Za fights with and kills Kal, further confirming his leadership of the tribe. With fire at his disposal, he is now undisputed leader. In this security he decrees that the travellers will merge with his tribe rather than leave and orders them confined to the Cave indefinitely.

Susan eventually devises a plan to scare and distract the tribespeople enough to allow them to flee. Four skulls are placed on top of burning torches, and this ghoulish vision is enough to distract the tribe and allow the travellers to escape back into the forest. This time the four travellers make it back inside the TARDIS before the tribe can capture them and, once they are ensconced, the ship dematerialises once more.

The Doctor explains that he has no idea where or when they will end up next. In time the viewscreen shows their new destination, a mysterious jungle whose trees appear petrified. The travellers venture outside the TARDIS doors while, behind them on the console, the radiation detector's needle passes into the "Danger" zone...

Cast & Characters

 * Dr Who - William Hartnell
 * Ian Chesterton - William Russell
 * Barbara Wright - Jacqueline Hill
 * Susan Foreman - Carole Ann Ford
 * Za - Derek Newark
 * Hur - Alethea Charlton
 * Old Mother - Eileen Way
 * Kal - Jeremy Young
 * Horg - Howard Lang
 * Policeman - Reg Cranfield (uncredited)
 * School Children (all uncredited) - Francesco Bertorelli, Carole Clarke, Heather Lyons, Mavis Ransom, Cedric Schoeman, Brian Thomas, Richard Wilson, Billie Davis, Leslie Bates, Elizabeth Body, Al Davis, Roy Denton, Jean Denyer, Veronica Dyson, Diane Gay, Bob Haddow, Margot Maxine, Bill Nicholas
 * Members of Tribe (all uncredited)- Brenda Proctor, Lyn Turner, Doreen Ubells, Frank Wheatley, Janet Fairhead,
 * Tribe Children (all uncredited) - Antonia Moss, Julie Moss, Timothy Palmer, David Rosen,  Trevor Thomas, Elizabeth White,
 * Double for Za - Leslie Bates (uncredited)
 * Double for Kal - Billy Cornelius (uncredited)
 * Double for Za - Derek Ware (uncredited)

Crew

 * Writers - Anthony Coburn
 * Director - Waris Hussein
 * Producer - Verity Lambert
 * Script Editor - David Whitaker
 * Designers - Barry Newbery, Peter Brachacki
 * Assistant Floor Manager - Catherine Childs
 * Associate Producer - Mervyn Pinfield
 * Costumes - Maureen Heneghan
 * Fight Arranger - Derek Ware
 * Film Cameraman - Robert Sleigh
 * Incidental Music - Norman Kay
 * Make-Up - Elizabeth Blattner
 * Production Assistants - Douglas Camfield, Tony Lightley
 * Special Effects - BBC Visual Effects
 * Special Sounds - Brian Hodgson
 * Studio Lighting - Geoff Shaw
 * Studio Sound - Jack Clayton
 * Theme Arrangement - Delia Derbyshire
 * Title Music - Ron Grainer

Influences

 * The Time Machine (HG Wells), the first story to really popularise time travel, it becomes recurring theme in Doctor Who
 * The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (CS Lewis) - A seemingly ordinary object can be a doorway into an extraordinary world
 * 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, the Doctor's motivation for kidnapping people; series creator Sydney Newman acknowledged Captain Nemo as a major influence in his original concept for the Doctor's character and personality.

Ratings

 * An Unearthly Child First Broadcast - 4.4m viewers
 * An Unearthly Child Second Broadcast - 6.0m viewers
 * The Cave of Skulls - 5.9m viewers
 * The Forest of Fear - 6.9m viewers
 * The Firemaker - 6.4m viewers

Myths

 * An Unearthly Child was broadcast 10 minutes late due to an extended news report into the assassination of President Kennedy the previous day.
 * C. E. Webber co-wrote the story with Anthony Coburn. (Webber had actually been working on a proposed episode known as The Giants which was originally intended to be the first story but was later rejected).
 * This story was broadcast live. (No Doctor Who story has ever been broadcast live).
 * Jackie Lane was offered the role of Susan. (Although she auditioned for the part she withdrew before the role was cast).
 * Waris Hussein spotted Carole Ann Ford in BBC play called The Man on a Bicycle when he was looking for someone for the role of Susan. (This play was actually broadcast months before Hussein became involved with Doctor Who).
 * Jacqueline Hill worked as a model in Paris.
 * The original police box was a prop left over from Dixon of Dock Green.

Location Filming
The story was filmed at both Ealing and Lime Grove Studio D.

Continuity

 * The Doctor returned to Foreman's Yard in 1963 in Remembrance of the Daleks, 1985 in Attack of the Cybermen and 1997 in The Eight Doctors.
 * It is revealed in Remembrance of the Daleks that the Doctor was hiding The Hand of Omega in London when the teachers discovered his presence.
 * Interference explains the importance of Foreman's Yard to the Doctors timeline and introduces the character of IM Foreman.
 * During this adventure the Doctor encounters his Eigth Incarnation who has travelled back along his own timeline (The Eight Doctors).
 * The events of this story can be seen to follow on from those in Time and Relative.
 * Susan claims that she made up the term TARDIS from the initials of Time and Relative Dimension in Space. But it is later revealed that Gallifreyan society is several million years old. An explanation for this apparent inconsistency is proposed in Lungbarrow.
 * This is the first time the TARDIS has had a problem with the chameleon circuit
 * We see the Doctor smoking a pipe in the Second episode but he is never seen smoking again.
 * Reference is made to the Doctor and Susan having visited the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). It is also suggested that they have visted England after 1971 as Susan is aware of the introduction of the decimal system.
 * Susan is listening to John Smith and the Common Men when Ian and Barbara walk in, John Smith being the stage name of 'the honourable Aubrey Waites, also known as Chris Waites according to Ian. John Smith was to become an alias used by the Doctor in several of the later stories

Discontinuity

 * When Susan says "I like walking through the dark" neither Ian nor Barbara seem bothered about the thought of a teenage girl walking alone at night.
 * Why does Susan ask Barbara for a book about the French Revolution and then leave it in the classroom? As far as she is concerned at this point she will be at school the next day
 * Just before Ian is electrocuted by the console someone in the studio can be heard shouting a cue
 * At the end of episode one the caveman shadow is seen to extend much further than it really should
 * If not an error then something which hasn't really been thought through. Given that it is so cold in Episodes 2,3 and 4 why are the cavemen wearing so little clothing.

Technology

 * fire
 * police box
 * television
 * time travel

Astronomical Objects

 * Orb
 * space
 * time

Timeline

 * 20th century

Cultural Reeferences

 * decimalization
 * French Revolution

DVD, Video, and Audio Releases

 * DVD Release - This story is included in the DVD anthology, "The Beginning," released in January, 2006, together with "The Daleks" and "The Edge of Destruction."


 * Video Release - Released as "Doctor Who: An Unearthly Child"
 * First Release: The BBC originally intended to release this story in a box set with The Daleks and The Edge of Destruction but they changed their plans and decided to release each story individually.


 * UK Release: January 1990 / US Release: January 1992
 * PAL - BBC Video BBCV4311
 * NTSC - CBS/FOX Video 3401
 * NTSC - Warner Video E1906
 * Notes: The 'next episode' caption has been removed from Episode 4.


 * Second Release: An unedited, remastered edition:


 * UK Release: September 2000
 * PAL - BBC Video BBCV6959