Sabre-toothed tiger

According to The I-Spyder Book of Earth Creatures, the Smilodon fatalis — formally known as Saber-Toothed Tiger — was a species of cat native to North America that died out around 9000 BC because the global climate change killed off its prey. It had two remarkably-sized upper canine teeth, measuring up to 17 centimetres in length. It was possessed of a stout, muscular body with a thick chest, and retractable claws. It primarily ate herbivores like bison. (PROSE: The Last Dodo)

According to Dr River Song, sabre-toothed tigers, or smilodons, were not actually related to the tiger family. (AUDIO: Peepshow)

On Earth
The last sabre-toothed tiger from Earth was saved and kept in the Museum of the Last Ones. This specimen was cloned by Eve to distract people while the cloned dodos planted bombs. The sabre-toothed tiger was worth 500 points in the I-Spyder Book of Earth Creatures. Martha Jones spotted one, but only because she and the Tenth Doctor were being chased by it in England. They managed to lure it into some freshly-laid tarmac, whereupon the Doctor used the sonic screwdriver to set the asphalt and capture the tiger. (PROSE: The Last Dodo)

In an alternate timeline the sabre-toothed tiger was one of the creatures brought back from extinction by the Silurians. They were allowed to roam free and some were possibly used for hunting animals by the Silurians. (PROSE: Blood Heat)

When he travelled back to 100,000 BC, the Eighth Doctor saw a wounded sabre-tooth tiger. He surmised that it would not survive the injury. (PROSE: The Eight Doctors)

During the Ice Age, the Eleventh Doctor and Amy Pond saved a Neanderthal from a sabre-toothed tiger. (COMIC: Snow Globe)

Professor Elliot Payne brought a sabre-toothed tiger to 1890s London from thousands of years in the past to act as a guard. Leela broke its neck but sustained several injuries in doing so. (AUDIO: Chronoclasm)

When the Eleventh Doctor and Rory Williams visited the future site of Los Angeles, California, a sabre-toothed tiger jumped into the TARDIS and perched on the console. Rory got it off the console by hitting it with a rolled-up magazine, and as it ran off further into the ship, the Doctor advised Rory to put it to sleep with tranquilliser-laced meat. (COMIC: The Doctor and the Nurse)

On other worlds
Sabre-toothed tigers were also among the native species on Tiermann's World. (PROSE: Sick Building)

K9 once encountered some sabre-toothed tigers on a planet in another dimension, partially inhabited by ex-Tellac miners. They lived alongside other Earth animals from widely varying periods of evolutionary history. On this planet, he observed one fighting a mammoth. (PROSE: K9 and the Missing Planet)