Carbon

Carbon was one of the most common elements in the universe. It was highly abundant in the Earth's crust, and was part of the reason why the Urbankans came to Earth. It was one of the minerals they planned to take. (DW: Four to Doomsday).

A group of Slitheen came to Earth to crush the planet into a diamond using the carbon in the atmosphere. (SJA: The Gift)

An atom of carbon was used as the world for the miniaturised people from the Composition Adjustment Teleport. These people were divided into the Blue and Green armies who warred with each other. (DWA: Inter-Galactic Cat)

Most life-forms in the universe were carbon-based, although others were known to be based on other elements, such as silicon and calcium. (DW: World War Three)