The Wheel in Space (TV story)

The Wheel in Space was the seventh and final story of season 5. It introduced new companion Zoe Heriot, played by Wendy Padbury, and featured the first use of the Doctor's "John Smith" alias.

Synopsis
The TARDIS materialises on board a spaceship, the Silver Carrier, where the Second Doctor and Jamie are attacked by a Servo Robot. Jamie contacts a nearby space station known as the Wheel and they are rescued. Meanwhile, the Silver Carrier discharges Cybermats, which also travel to and enter the station. These pave the way for the invasion of the station by Cybermen, who intend to use its direct radio link with Earth as a beacon for their invasion fleet.

The Doctor sends Jamie and a young woman named Zoe Heriot over to the Silver Carrier to fetch the TARDIS's vector generator rod. Meanwhile he manages to free the Wheel's crew from the Cybermen's hypnotic control and to destroy all the Cybermen on the station.

When Jamie and Zoe return, the Doctor installs the rod in the station's X-ray laser, making it powerful enough to destroy the Cyber-fleet. An approaching force of space-walking Cybermen is also vanquished.

Episode 1
The explosion of the mercury fluid links forces the Second Doctor and Jamie McCrimmon to evacuate the TARDIS to avoid mercury fumes. Until it can be replaced, the craft is marooned. They are on a space vessel, deserted apart from a Servo-Robot. The robot detects the intruders and in response redirects the rocket from aimless wandering, sending it on a course, and the shock of change causes the Doctor to hit his head, briefly concussing him. The robot also releases a group of egg-shaped white pods into space, and the mysterious things direct themselves toward a nearby spaceship shaped like a giant wheel, attaching themselves to its exterior by a seeming act of will. When the robot becomes aggressive, Jamie destroys it, but the Doctor’s condition worsens and he collapses. Jamie then looks into space on the observation port.

The Wheel is an Earth space station observing phenomena in deep space and is staffed by a small international crew. They are concerned by the sudden drops in pressure which, unbeknownst to them, coincide with the pods attaching themselves to the exterior of the Wheel. Controller Jarvis Bennett is also worried that the Silver Carrier, a missing supply vessel eighty million miles off course, has suddenly turned up nearby and is not responding to radio contact. He decides to destroy it with the Wheel's powerful x-ray laser.

Episode 2
The destruction of the Silver Carrier is only prevented when the crew hear a deafening burst of noise from the vessel. Jamie has managed to alert them to his presence aboard the Carrier and in a short time he and the unconscious Doctor are rescued and taken aboard the Wheel. The resident medic, Doctor Gemma Corwyn, sees to the Doctor, and Jamie is given a guided tour by the sparky young para-psychology librarian, Zoe Heriot. Bennett remains suspicious of the new arrivals, fearing they could be saboteurs opposed to the space program. He decides to use the x-ray laser on the Carrier now that the two refugees have been rescued, little realising the TARDIS is still on board. Jamie intervenes to sabotage the laser, which only further infuriates Bennett. There is a potential meteor shower heading for the Wheel – and they now have no way to repel it. When the Doctor recovers in the sickbay he does not approve of this action. He remains groggy and unclear, but convinced a major danger lurks on the Silver Carrier. He calculates that the ship did not drift to their sector but was deliberately piloted there. The Wheel’s crew, however, are more concerned with the impending meteor shower.

On board the Carrier, meanwhile, two large pods have split open to reveal two Cybermen inside.

Episode 3
The small pods sent to the Wheel contained Cybermats. These have been set to work in consuming bernalium rods in the Wheel’s stores. The bernalium is essential to power the X-ray laser. The Cybermen have deliberately made the star in Messier 13 go nova, forcing the Wheel crew to look for their bernalium and find it missing. When this happens, the Cybermen are sure the crewmen will come to the Silver Carrier for the bernalium, which can then be transported into the Wheel – with a surprise inside.

An engineer called Bill Duggan has noted the depleted stocks and the presence of the Cybermats. His slowness in reacting allows another crewman, Kemel Rudkin, to fall victim to the Cybermats. Jarvis Bennett overreacts in panic to this state of affairs, stripping Duggan of his position and imposing tighter controls. The Doctor's solution is more practical – he uses the X-ray machine to scan inside a pod that has been found but cannot be opened. The Cybermat within is easy for him to identify, but Bennett does not accept the danger. Medic Gemma Corwyn, who has formed an alliance with the Doctor, fears for Bennett’s mental state. He seems unable to deal with escalating events. His behaviour seems to grow more and more bizarre and detached from reality.

He has sent two crewmen to the Silver Carrier, Laleham and Vallance. They are taken over by the Cybermen and used to prepare the bernalium crates for the Wheel with the two Cybermen hidden inside.

Episode 4
This ruse works and the crates are soon aboard the Wheel, with Duggan and his colleague Leo Ryan glad to have access to a new power supply for the x-ray laser, which they are slowly managing to repair. An engineer called Chang is killed by the emerging Cybermen when he is sent to fetch the new bernalium supply. They dispose of his body in the waste incinerator. Laleham and Vallance arrive at the laser with the supply of bernalium for Duggan, who soon falls victim to the same mind control and becomes the third agent of the Cybermen on the Wheel. He is sent to destroy the communications unit and does so before being gunned down. A Cyberman soon corners the Doctor and Jamie.

Episode 5
The Doctor and Jamie escape and have deduced that the fortuitous supply of bernalium has a deeper significance. He has also worked out the late Duggan was under mind control and instructs Dr Corwyn to use a basic transistor system attached to each of the crewmen to block this technique. A further step forward is taken when the crew use a sonic wave to disable and kill the Cybermats on the Wheel, but it is clear the Cybermen are at large and going on with their plans. Laleham's death is no obstacle as another engineer, Flannigan, replaces him. The Cybermen have invested time in repairing the x-ray laser, evidently needing it ready for use. When the meteorites are finally due to hit they can be deflected and obliterated. The Cybermen need the Wheel intact to use as a launching point for an invasion of Earth, desperate for the planet’s mineral wealth. The Wheel's radio beam will enable them to do this. The Doctor has decided he needs the time vector generator which he removed from the TARDIS. Jamie and Zoe are chosen for a space-walk to the Silver Carrier. As they slowly make their way from the Wheel to the ship, the meteorites approaching the Wheel get dangerously close to them.

Episode 6
The crew have fully repaired the x-ray laser and use it to destroy the meteorites. They are picked off one by one by the Cybermen or their agents. Gemma Corwyn dies trying to stop the Cybermen from damaging the Wheel's oxygen supply. Shocked back to clarity by her death, the mad Jarvis Bennett is mowed down when he seeks revenge. Leo Ryan takes control as the Doctor warns there is a huge Cyberman spacecraft coming to the Wheel.

Jamie and Zoe return with the Doctor's time vector generator. Flannigan tries to overpower them when they get back to the Wheel, but he in turn is overwhelmed by Leo and Enrico Casali, the communications officer, and his conditioning is broken. The Doctor also manages a triumph, electrocuting one of the Cybermen and confirming to himself the full nature of their plans. He uses the time vector generator to boost the power of the x-ray laser and this destroys the advancing Cybership. A troop of Cybermen space-walking to the Wheel are also dispensed with, while Jamie and Flannigan free Vallance and destroy the remaining Cyberman inside the Wheel.

With the invasion repelled, the Doctor and Jamie return to the Silver Carrier with the mercury they need for the TARDIS. They are accompanied by Zoe, who quietly stows away as the time vessel departs. As she seems determined to stay, the Doctor decides to warn her of the dangers they encounter. He uses a mental device to project images from his mind to tell her of his and Jamie's last encounter with the Daleks...

Cast

 * The Doctor - Patrick Troughton
 * Jamie McCrimmon - Frazer Hines
 * Zoe Heriot - Wendy Padbury
 * Dr. Gemma Corwyn - Anne Ridler
 * Servo Robot - Freddie Foote
 * Leo Ryan - Eric Flynn
 * Tanya Lernov - Clare Jenkins
 * Jarvis Bennett - Michael Turner
 * Enrico Casali - Donald Sumpter
 * Bill Duggan - Kenneth Watson
 * Elton Laleham - Michael Goldie
 * Armand Vallance - Derrick Gilbert
 * Kemel Rudkin - Kevork Malikyan
 * Chang - Peter Laird
 * Sean Flannigan - James Mellor
 * Cyberman - Jerry Holmes
 * Cybemran - Gordon Stothard
 * Voice - Peter Hawkins
 * Voice - Roy Skelton

Crew

 * Assistant Floor Manager - Marcia Wheeler
 * Costumes - Martin Baugh
 * Designer - Derek Dodd
 * Film Cameraman - Jimmy Court
 * Film Editor - Ron Fry
 * Incidental Music - Brian Hodgson and the BBC Radiophonic Workshop
 * Make-Up - Sylvia James
 * Producer - Peter Bryant
 * Production Assistant - Ian Strachan
 * Script Editor - Derrick Sherwin
 * Special Sounds - Brian Hodgson
 * Studio Lighting - Mike Jefferies
 * Studio Sound - John Holmes
 * Theme Arrangement - Delia Derbyshire
 * Title Music - Ron Grainer
 * Visual Effects - Bill King, Trading Post

The Doctor

 * The Doctor gets his pseudonym of John Smith from Jamie, who sees it as a brand name on a medical container.

Culture

 * Jarvis Bennett and Zoe refer to a group of people who want to stop the space program and "pull back to Earth."

Cybermen

 * Cybermats can cut into metal hulls and re-seal the holes undetected. They corrode bernalium and are vulnerable to quick setting hyperoxide plastic. They tune into brainwaves to find their targets, but can be confused by oscillating radio signals.

Science

 * Zoe Heriot is the Wheel's parapsychology librarian (which means that she's received brainwashing-like training in logic and memory), an astrophysicist, an astrometricist first class, and a major in pure maths. History is a weak area for her.

Species

 * The humans have never heard of the Cybermen or the Daleks.

TARDISes

 * The Time Vector Generator is a rod that makes the TARDIS dimensionally transcendental (it powers the connection between the two dimensions) and is a powerful energy source, able to seal, burn, power or zap things, and gives out huge amounts of radio interference.
 * The TARDIS still has problems with its fluid links evaporating, and needs more mercury.

Story notes

 * The working title for this story was The Space Wheel.
 * This story is the first to have an incidental music score as well as sound effects provided by the BBC's Radiophonic Workshop.
 * Only Episodes 3 and 6 exist in the BBC Archives. Episode 6 was transmitted from a 35 mm film print and retained in the BBC Film Library (although Episode 5 was not). A private collector obtained a copy of Episode 3 and returned it in 1983.
 * Donald Sumpter (Enrico Casali) would later play Commander Ridgeway in DW: The Sea Devils and Erasmus Darkening in SJA: The Eternity Trap.

Cast Notes

 * Patrick Troughton makes no appearance in Episode 2 as he was on holiday during the week when it was recorded. The Doctor is seen only as an unconscious figure, with Chris Jeffries doubling for Troughton.
 * Similarly, Anne Ridler was not hired for episode 6 so the dead Gemma Corwyn is represented by a double and photographs of Ridler are used for close-ups of Corwyn's body.
 * Deborah Watling's appearance in episode 1 was a recap from the end of the previous story Fury from the Deep. Unusually, Deborah received an on-screen credit for this appearance.
 * Michael Goldie previously played Craddock in The Dalek Invasion of Earth (1964), whilst Kenneth Watson had played Craddock in the theatrical version of this story, Daleks' Invasion Earth 2150 A.D. (1966).
 * The Cyberplanner has the exact same voice as the Cyber-Controller from The Tomb of the Cybermen.

Production Notes

 * The story that was originally planned for this spot in the production schedule was to have portrayed a Dalek/Cybermen confrontation. Although this was disallowed by Terry Nation, he did give an important concession in return. He allowed for future Dalek stories — something that was not seen as certain at the time. His precondition for this permission would remain in effect the rest of his life: he had to be given the first right of refusal to write the script on any proposed Dalek storyline. Meanwhile, Kit Pedler, whose involvement with the original idea for a Cyber/Dalek war is uncertain, brought an entirely different Cybermen story to the table in the form of The Space Wheel. He was teamed with David Whitaker to bring this idea to script form. The idea of a Cyber/Dalek war festered in the minds of both Doctor Who fans and production staff alike. It would not be realised on-screen until the 2006 episode "Doomsday".
 * The spacesuits wore by Jamie and Zoe, previously seen in The Tenth Planet, later turned up as costumes in Star Wars: A New Hope and Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (most famously worn by Bossk the Bounty Hunter).

Ratings

 * Episode 1 - 7.2 million viewers
 * Episode 2 - 6.9 million viewers
 * Episode 3 - 7.5 million viewers
 * Episode 4 - 8.6 million viewers
 * Episode 5 - 6.8 million viewers
 * Episode 6 - 6.5 million viewers

Myths

 * This story went considerably over budget. (It was one of the few stories of the second Doctor's era to come in under budget.)
 * There is a suspenseful scene in which the two Cybermen menace Zoe in the Wheel's library. (There is no such scene. The photographs that exist of this were specially posed for publicity purposes only.)
 * Only two Cyberman costumes were used in the making of this story. (A third was put together from stock for the sequence in Episode 6 where a force of Cybermen space-walk toward the Wheel.)
 * Eric Flynn, who plays Leo Ryan in this story, was the son of Hollywood film star Errol Flynn. (Eric Flynn is not related to Errol Flynn)

Filming locations

 * Ealing Television Film Studios, Ealing Green, Ealing
 * Lime Grove Studios (Studio D), Shepherd's Bush, Hammersmith & Fulham
 * Riverside Studios (Studio 1) Hammersmith & Fulham (footage captured on 35mm film)
 * BBC Television Centre (TC1 & TC3) Shepherd's Bush, Hammersmith & Fulham

Production errors

 * The Cybermen's voices change drastically in part three between their first scene and the cliffhanger. The sound box used for their voices had broken down.
 * In the Episode 6 scene where Jarvis Bennett is killed, the sound effect for the Cybermen's weapon is quietly but clearly audible throughout the scene, even when cutting between the corridor and the control room.
 * When Jamie and Zoe find Dr. Corbyn's corpse in episode 6, the shot of her body is clearly a still photograph.
 * When the neutron force field in the loading bay is activated in Episode 6, the Cybermen that fall into space are obviously cardboard cutouts.
 * When Zoe is discovered hiding in the box in the TARDIS, the background is simply TARDIS interior circles painted onto a draped cloth. In longer shots, the join between the TARDIS set walls and the cloth is jarringly obvious.

Continuity

 * A clip from DW: The Evil of the Daleks is used for a sequence where the Doctor shows Zoe (in the TARDIS) what she may face if she travels with him. This was used as a way to introduce a repeat of The Evil of the Daleks the week following the original broadcast of The Wheel in Space. However, the clip used is actually from the end of Episode one, rather than the beginning of the existent Episode Two, meaning that this story contains a few frames of footage from the currently missing Episode one of The Evil of the Daleks.
 * Zoe never encountered the Daleks on television; decades later, the Big Finish Productions audio story CC: Fear of the Daleks told of an encounter between Zoe and the Daleks, set immediately after the Doctor's telepathic re-run.
 * The incorporation of the rebroadcast of Evil of the Daleks into continuity remains a unique circumstance in the history of Doctor Who, and indeed perhaps television in general. Although "clip shows" are common, in which flashbacks to past episodes are featured and are sometimes (in science fictional contexts) incorporated into the plot, this was a case where the production team actually incorporated a "reliving" of the events of a complete story into the continuity of the series.
 * The Time Vector Generator also plays a part in MA: Invasion of the Cat-People NA: Birthright and Iceberg.

Home video and audio releases

 * The surviving episodes (3 and 6) were released on the Cybermen: The Early Years video.
 * They were also included in the Lost in Time DVD.
 * Editing of the surviving episodes DVD release was completed by the Doctor Who Restoration Team.