James II

James II of England (or James VII of Scotland) was an English and Scottish monarch. His reign came to an end with the Glorious Revolution in 1688. (CC: The Glorious Revolution)

He was the grandfather of Bonnie Prince Charlie, who attempted to reclaim the English and Scottish thrones for his family in the Jacobite Rising which came to an end with the Jacobite defeat at the Battle of Culloden on 16 April 1746. The Second Doctor's future companion Jamie McCrimmon was among the Jacobite survivors. (DW: The Highlanders)

Alternative timeline
In an alternative timeline accidentally created by Jamie in 1688, the Glorious Revolution was a failure and James II remained on the throne until his death. Consequently, the Jacobite Risings and the Battle of Culloden never took place. His grandson Charles Edward Stuart, better known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, eventually ascended the throne. He was still the reigning monarch in 1788. (CC: The Glorious Revolution)