Pompeii

Pompeii was a city in Italy remembered for its destruction by the volcano Vesuvius in 79 AD. (TV: The Fires of Pompeii; AUDIO: The Fires of Vulcan, PROSE: Timechase) Before its name was dug up, the locals called it Civita. (AUDIO: Coming to Dust)

History
A group of Pyroviles landed in the region and slept for thousands of years until awakened by an earthquake in 62 AD. They set in motion a plan to xenoform the Earth into a planet of fire, to become their new home. In 79 AD, shortly before the volcanic eruption that was destined to destroy the city, the Tenth Doctor and Donna Noble arrived and foiled the Pyroviles' plan.

Unfortunately, to save the Earth, the Doctor and Donna were forced to trigger the eruption of the volcano, Vesuvius. The eruption completely destroyed the city and killed most of its population of twenty thousand people. Although Donna pleaded with the Doctor to rescue the population, he stated that the event was a crucial and unchangeable event in history, a fixed point in time. However, he agreed to save the Caecilius family from the destruction.

The eruption was so powerful that it briefly created a time rift, which by echoing back in time granted a number of Pompeii's citizens precognitive powers. (TV: The Fires of Pompeii)

The Seventh Doctor and Melanie Bush arrived in Pompeii on the day before the eruption and tried to escape from the coming eruption. The Doctor's TARDIS was buried in the city. (AUDIO: The Fires of Vulcan)

The Daleks once stole the Mark One model of a time machine called the Time-Conveyor, which was built by Peter and David's uncle. They hoped to reverse-engineer their own time machine from it. Peter and David pursued them through time in the Mark Two. They finally recovered it in Pompeii during the eruption of Vesuvius, having defeated the Daleks one-by-one along the way. (PROSE: Timechase)

In the 18th century, the ruins of Pompeii were called "Civita". Faction Paradox hid some of its biodata codices and remembrance tanks in the ruins after the Gregorian Compact. They were hidden in a cavern sealed behind a door like those in the Eleven-Day Empire, building not just bodies but entire timelines for new Faction "rugrats".

However, when the products were still just infants, the shrine was rededicated to Sutekh in a treaty between the Great Houses and the Osirian Court. Sutekh defiled the race banks stored there and smashed up the remembrance tanks. The Eye of Horus was scratched into the door, and instead of being opened by a Faction phrase, it would be opened by the Sign of the Eye, an Egyptian ritual gesture.

The rapid growth biomass in the broken remembrance tanks fed the local plants until the cavern was filled by the gigantic "Tree of Filth", twenty or thirty feet across, with pitch black skin. Shapes in its bark resembled human bodies. Its roots fed into the cracked remembrance tanks, and its branches merged into the cavern's ceiling, feeding the plant life above. By 1783, small black flowers called the "bugs of the hours" had begun to spring up. The locals collected the seeds of these flowers, ground them, and mixed them into wine; the mixture would promote visions that affected not only the memories of the intoxicated, but also the memories of the people around them, even if they'd never consumed the drink, as if the drinkers had too much history and it spilled into those around them.

Merytra Ellainya and her Mal'akh stole a creature from the shrine to sacrifice in order to open a time tunnel to the Osirian Court; Cousin Eliza described it as looking like a rabbit with its legs pulled. When Eliza entered the shrine with Cousin Justine and agents of the Society of Sigismondo di Rimini, she said it smelled of rotting history: not human flesh, but the potential for human flesh. (AUDIO: Coming to Dust)

After millennia of legend, archaeologists eventually rediscovered the lost city, and humanity remembered its fate. (TV: The Fires of Pompeii)

In 1980, an earthquake damaged Pompeii and uncovered the buried TARDIS. (AUDIO: The Fires of Vulcan)

Alternative Timelines
A time disruption briefly changed history so that Vesuvius took longer to erupt, allowing the city's populace to evacuate in their boats. (PROSE: The Algebra of Ice)