Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia was a country in Eastern Europe. Its capital city, Prague, was visited by the Doctor in most of their known incarnations, at various points in its history. (PROSE: Life from Lifelessness, Spoilsport, The Dragons of Prague, Suspension and Disbelief, Leap Second, Sunday Afternoon, AD 848,988, Fable Fusion, War in a Time of Peace; COMIC: The Broken Man)

In 1938, Nazi Germany occupied Czechoslovakia. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain headed a conference intended to solve the resulting crisis but it proved ineffectual. (PROSE: Illegal Alien) In 1939, Hitler listed Czechoslovakia as one of the countries he had taken. (PROSE: Timewyrm: Exodus) In 1941, Nazi Colonel Oskar Steinmann claimed the occupation was welcomed because of the strength and unity offered by Fascism. (PROSE: Just War)

After her defection from the Soviet Union to the United Kingdom in 1958, the Czech scientist Nadia Červenka provided the Sen-Gen Facility with a neuro-chemical hallucinogen developed using a yellow fungus which was discovered in the Tunguska crater. It was believed to be extraterrestial in origin. (AUDIO: Artificial Intelligence)

It was under the influence of the Soviet Union until 1989, when average people successfully campaigned for democratic rule. According to the Eleventh Doctor, the Czech communist government resigned between November and December 1989. The Doctor, Amy Pond and Rory Williams were present in Prague in November 1989 to witness the last gasps of that oppressive regime.

The Doctor claimed, however, that the fall of communism in Czechoslovakia was not at a fixed point in time, and so the time travelling trio had a genuine part to play in the success of democracy in the country in 1989.

In June 1990, free democratic elections were held in Czechoslovakia. (COMIC: The Broken Man)

At some point in late 20th century, Czechoslovakia was divided into two independent countries - Czech Republic and Slovakia. (PROSE: The King of Terror) The two nations remained separated into the 22nd century. (PROSE: Life from Lifelessness)

Another notable resident of Czechoslovakia was Major Husak, who became a member of UNIT. (TV: Battlefield)

In the 23rd century, Slovakia and Czechia were again united as the Third Czech and Slovak Republic. (PROSE: Spoilsport)