Flower

A flower was a plant grown for its blossoms, which were considered beautiful and nice-smelling.

Earth flowers
In 1580, a girl selling flowers was attacked by Francesco. (TV: The Vampires of Venice)

In 1866, Victoria Waterfield gave a flower to Kemel. He later showed the flower to Jamie McCrimmon. (TV: The Evil of the Daleks)

In 1890, Vincent van Gogh painted sunflowers at Amy Pond's suggestion. (TV: Vincent and the Doctor)

In 1959, Billy brought Delta some flowers. (TV: Delta and the Bannermen)

In the 1970s, disguised Autons handed out free plastic daffodils which were secretly programmed to kill people. (TV: Terror of the Autons)

Amelia Ducat was one of the world's leading flower artists. (TV: The Seeds of Doom)

Tommy found a pretty flower, but accidentally crushed it when Barnes pushed him and he fell. (TV: Planet of the Spiders)

In 2008, Martha Jones gave flowers to Alison Docherty, whom she had met in an alternative timeline. (TV: Last of the Time Lords)

Gita Chandra ran a flower shop called Bloomin' Lovely. (TV: Enemy of the Bane)

In 2010, Jo Jones brought flowers to the Eleventh Doctor's faked funeral. (TV: Death of the Doctor)

The Eleventh Doctor brought flowers to Amy and Rory's anniversary party. (TV: The Power of Three)

In the aftermath of the 22nd century Dalek invasion, many Dalek casings were beheaded and used to hold flowers. (PROSE: Legacy of the Daleks)

Flowers from America were on board the Ark. (TV: The Ark)

Parallel Earth flowers
In 2007 in a parallel universe, Veronica of Reykjavík made the hand-sculpted flower arrangements for Jackie Tyler's birthday. (TV: Rise of the Cybermen)

Flowers on other worlds
Around the 8th millennium BC, the last flowers on Mars died out. (TV: The Waters of Mars)

In 1590, the Moon had flowers as tall as children, with heads like bells, cymbals and trumpets. (PROSE: Minions of the Moon)

In the future, Chelsea 426 hosted the Chelsea Flower Show. (PROSE: The Taking of Chelsea 426)

On Skaro, Susan found a flower in the petrified jungle and picked it, but Ian accidentally broke it. (TV: "The Dead Planet")

Also on Skaro, a rebel Dalek with human-like qualities became fond of flowers, wearing them on its casing. When it tried to teach other Daleks thet beauty had to be preserved and was a strength, the Emperor reminded them that flowers withered and died. Beauty, therefore, was not eternal or a strength and the 'diseased' Dalek was destroyed. (COMIC: Shadow of Humanity)

One planet was home to a species of flower which gave off a scent that was deadly to Cybermen and Cybermats. The Second Doctor, John and Gillian used these flowers against the Cybermen during their mission to rescue Professor Gnat. (COMIC: Flower Power)

On Crellium, Krem-ling used flowers which transmitted psychic energy into the emissaries of Drakka buried there, reviving them. (PROSE: The Vampires of Crellium)

On Traken, Kassia gave flowers to the Melkur when she was a child. (TV: The Keeper of Traken)

Vortis was originally covered in flower forests. (TV: The Web Planet)

On a planet, the First Doctor and Dodo Chaplet healed a continent-sized flower of a crystal infection. (PROSE: There are Fairies at the Bottom of the Garden)

A species of carnivorous flower similar to poppies was native to Tiro. One caught the First Doctor and almost digested him, but he escaped by hacking at the plant's insides with his knife. (PROSE: Terror on Tiro)

The planet Uthe 3 was the only place where the Uthanian scatterbud, a beautiful red flower, grew. According to the Fourth Doctor, it was a former symbol of peace on the planet. (PROSE: Sweet Flower of Uthe)

On a planet, Leela investigated a giant flower which was as big as her. She fell into it just as a giant bee arrived on the scene. She climbed out of the flower after the bee left. (COMIC: The Mutants)

Within a Matrix partition orchestrated by Romana III, Kolspen of Unvoss delivered flowers to President Romana II as a gesture of peace between their races. (AUDIO: Renaissance)

Inside the Doctor's confession dial
A vase of flowers existed in a room inside the Twelfth Doctor's confession dial. In each loop of him dying and being brought back, the Doctor tested the local atmospheric density to determine if he could escape the Veil and live by jumping out of a window. He did this by plucking a flower's petals and dropping them. (TV: Heaven Sent)

Other references
After bumping into a shovel in his confession dial, the Twelfth Doctor claimed to hate gardening, questioning what sort of person would have a power complex about flowers. (TV: Heaven Sent)